Trivalent chromium is a very common ion used for coloring in the industry of glass. As glasses are melted under high oxidizing circumstances, hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) can be fixed and found in certain advertising applications of UV-protection receptacles. Melt quenching technique is employed to prepare oxide glasses with a general formula xNa₂O–(30 − x) Li₂O–10K₂O–10ZnO–49.7B₂O₃–0.3Cr₂O₃ (where x = 0, 5, 10 and 15 mol%). The amorphous nature of the samples is confirmed using X-ray diffraction. The optical absorption spectra have been recorded, and the resulting data were used for the ligand field theory analysis, from which the crystal-field energy (10Dq), Racah parameters (B and C) and nephelauxetic function (h) were evaluated. The variations in the optical bandgap and the band tail with Na₂O content have been discussed in relation to the glass structure. FTIR of these glasses revealed that the borate network is affected by the replacement of Na₂O by Li₂O content. It showed also reduction in N₄ with increasing Na₂O. This result indicates the increase of non-bridging oxygens (NBOs) which in turn reduces the rigidity of the glass matrix and opens up the structure. The density and the molar volume (V_M) measurements were also employed to investigate the structure. These measurements show a linear increase as Na₂O content increases. This can be attributed to the differences in the ionic radii of sodium and lithium ions, being larger for sodium. UV–Visible optical absorption spectra show three characteristics bands around ~ 588, 435 and 360 nm which are assigned to the transitions ⁴A_2g → ⁴T_2g, ⁴A_2g → ⁴T_1g and ⁴A_2g → ²A_1g, respectively. Racah parameters (B and C) show an opposite behavior. The obtained ratio (10Dq/B) reveals a strong ligand field around chromium ions. Also, the nephelauxetic parameter of the ligand shows the same 10Dq behavior. The increase of chromium ions in the trivalent state shows that it acts as modifiers, yielding the higher concentration of NBOs in the glass matrix and confirming the FTIR and optical results. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy was measured and studied to confirm the existence of Cr³⁺ and Cr⁶⁺.

三价铬是玻璃工业中用于着色的非常常见的离子。由于玻璃是在高氧化环境下熔化的，因此六价铬Cr（VI）可以被固定，并出现在防紫外线容器的某些广告应用中。采用熔融淬火技术制备通式为x Na ₂ O–（30 −  x）Li ₂ O–10K ₂ O–10ZnO–49.7B ₂ O ₃ –0.3Cr ₂ O _3的氧化物玻璃（其中x = 0、5、10和15摩尔％）。使用X射线衍射可以确认样品的非晶态性质。记录了光吸收光谱，并将所得数据用于配体场理论分析，由此评估了晶体场能（10Dq），Racah参数（B和C）和肾素功能（h）。已经讨论了与玻璃结构有关的光学带隙和带Na ₂ O含量的带尾的变化。这些玻璃的FTIR显示硼酸盐网络受Li ₂ O含量替代Na ₂ O的影响。还显示出随着Na _2的增加N _4的减少O.该结果表明非桥连氧（NBOs）的增加，反过来又降低了玻璃基体的刚度并打开了结构。密度和摩尔体积（V _M）的测量结果也被用来研究结构。这些测量显示出随着Na ₂ O含量的增加线性增加。这可以归因于钠和锂离子的离子半径的差异，钠的差异更大。紫外可见光吸收光谱显示约588、435和360 nm附近的三个特征带，它们分别对应于跃迁⁴ A _2g  →  ⁴ T _2g，⁴ A _2g  →  ⁴ T_1g和⁴ A _2g  →  ² A _1g。Racah参数（B和C）显示相反的行为。所获得的比率（10Dq / B）表明铬离子周围有很强的配体场。此外，配体的肾素参数显示相同的10Dq行为。三价态铬离子的增加表明它起着改性剂的作用，使玻璃基质中的NBO浓度更高，并证实了FTIR和光学结果。测量并研究了电子自旋共振光谱，以确认Cr ³⁺和Cr ⁶⁺的存在。