Coronary flow induces hemodynamic alterations in the aortic sinus region. The objectives of this study are to: (1) investigate the differences among sinus hemodynamics and leaflet wall shear stresses engendered by the left versus right versus non-coronary flow and (2) correlate respective wall shear stresses with leaflet calcification in patients. A left heart simulator flow loop with a tunable coronary circuit provided physiological coronary flow waveforms corresponding to the left coronary cusp case (LCC), right coronary cusp case (RCC), and non-coronary cusp case (NCC). High spatio-temporal resolution particle image velocimetry was conducted to quantify leaflet wall shear stress and sinus vorticity fields and to measure aortic leaflet tip kinematics. Thirty-one patients with severe calcific aortic valve disease were segmented from CT data for the calcific volumes in their respective left, right, and non-coronary cusps. Leaflet tip position during systole shows the RCC has a wider leaflet opening compared to LCC and NCC. Velocity and vorticity fields combined with leaflet position data show that sinus vorticity is diminished (peak ~ 43 s⁻¹) in the LCC while RCC and NCC maintain high vorticity (~ 1200 and ~ 950 s⁻¹ respectively). WSS magnitudes greater than 0.3 Pa show 20 and 81% greater occurrences in the LCC and RCC respectively compared to NCC. Significant differences [X² (2, n = 31) = 7.31, p = 0.0258] between the calcification levels in each cusp of the patient population. Coronary flow differences between LCC, RCC, and NCC show significant impact on leaflet kinematics and sinus flow hemodynamics. Clinical data correlations of the coronary flow cases indicate the left coronary cusp has a higher likelihood of calcification compared to the right.

冠状动脉血流引起主动脉窦区域的血流动力学改变。本研究的目的是：（1）研究左、右、非冠状动脉血流所产生的窦血流动力学和瓣叶壁剪应力之间的差异；（2）将各自的壁剪应力与患者的瓣叶钙化相关联。具有可调谐冠状动脉回路的左心模拟器血流回路提供了与左冠状动脉尖点情况(LCC)、右冠状动脉尖点情况(RCC)和非冠状动脉尖点情况(NCC)相对应的生理冠状动脉血流波形。进行高时空分辨率粒子图像测速来量化瓣叶壁剪切应力和窦涡度场并测量主动脉瓣叶尖端运动学。根据 CT 数据对 31 名患有严重钙化主动脉瓣疾病的患者分别左、右和非冠状动脉瓣的钙化体积进行了分割。心脏收缩期间的小叶尖端位置显示，与 LCC 和 NCC 相比，RCC 具有更宽的小叶开口。速度和涡度场与小叶位置数据相结合显示，LCC 中的窦涡度减弱（峰值~ 43 s ^-1 ），而 RCC 和 NCC 保持高涡度（分别为~ 1200 和~ 950 s ^-1 ）。与 NCC 相比，LCC 和 RCC 中 WSS 震级大于 0.3 Pa 的发生率分别高出 20% 和 81%。患者群体每个尖点的钙化水平之间存在显着差异 [ X ² (2, n = 31) = 7.31, p = 0.0258]。 LCC、RCC 和 NCC 之间的冠状动脉血流差异对小叶运动学和窦血流动力学有显着影响。 冠状动脉血流病例的临床数据相关性表明，与右侧相比，左冠状动脉尖部钙化的可能性更高。