Abstract—

A comprehensive analysis of instrumental data was carried out to establish indicators of the geodynamic conditions of interaction between the Scythian Plate and the collage of southern plates; and to determine the type and kinematics of the Main Caucasian Thrust and the nature of volcanoes in the North Caucasus. In terms of structure and tectonics, the studies were conducted within the alpine structure of the Greater Caucasus, and they equally characterize both of its first-order structures: the folded-block uplift of the Main Range and the North Caucasian regional massif. In the kinematics of the Main Caucasian Thrust and volcanoes of the North Caucasus, there are no subduction elements. The absence of correspondence of the Main Thrust to the Benioff zone, and, conversely, its similarity to listric faults and shallow-focus volcanic centers are more consistent with a collisional geodynamic situation. Geological and geophysical sections along the network of regional profiles of deep geophysical studies in Ciscaucasia and the central part of the Greater Caucasus are characterized by similarity in the elements of the deep structure and semithrust kinematics of interaction with the consolidated crust of the southern microplates–terranes framing the Arabian Plate from the north. The volcanoes of the Central Caucasus arose in a collisional setting and a relationship between Elbrus volcano and the Main Caucasian Thrust as a collision compression structure is assumed. Data were obtained on the results of geophysical studies using the earthquake converted-wave method (ECWM), microseismic sounding method (MSM), magnetotelluric sounding (MTS), and gravimagnetic measurements in combination with data obtained from processing of satellite images of the specific length of lineaments of tectonic fragmentation for different depths of lithospheric sections. Laboratory determination of radiocarbon dating of volcanic complexes, distribution of the thermal field in surface and deep thermal springs, as well as isotopic assessment of the ratios of indicator elements of Elbrus volcano, which make it possible to confidently identify a magma chamber at depth of ~5 km and a magma chamber at depth of ~30–40 km. Our studies allow us to consider the main characteristics as an increased thermal field, variations in the helium isotope ratios, a seismic gap under the volcanic structure, and insignificant energy unloadings occurring on gentle low-power tectonic zones on the northeastern and eastern slopes, where periodic fumarole gas emissions are inherent to the active volcano.

中文翻译：

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Elbrus和Kazbek火山（俄罗斯中部高加索）的构造破碎和地球动力学机制：深部地球物理研究的结果

摘要—

对仪器数据进行了综合分析，以建立Scythian板块与南部板块拼贴的相互作用的地球动力学条件指标。并确定高加索主推力的类型和运动学以及北高加索地区的火山性质。在结构和构造方面，研究是在大高加索地区的高山结构中进行的，它们同样表征了其一阶结构：主山脉的折叠块隆起和北高加索地区的地块。在高加索主冲断层和北高加索火山的运动学中，没有俯冲元素。主推力与贝尼奥夫区没有对应关系，反之，它与李斯特断裂和浅层火山中心的相似性更符合碰撞地球动力学情况。奇索卡西亚和大高加索中部深部地球物理研究区域剖面网络中的地质和地球物理断层的特征是，与南部微板块－地壳的固结相互作用的深部结构和半推力运动学要素相似从北部构筑阿拉伯板块。高加索中部的火山是在碰撞的环境中兴起的，并假设布鲁斯火山与高加索主冲的关系为碰撞压缩结构。使用地震转换波法（ECWM），微震测深法（MSM）进行地球物理研究的结果获得了数据，大地电磁测深（MTS）和重磁测量，以及从岩石碎片不同深度构造断层的特定长度构造线段的卫星图像处理中获得的数据。实验室测定火山复合物的放射性碳年代，在地表温泉和深部温泉中分布热场，以及对Elbrus火山的指示元素比率进行同位素评估，从而有可能自信地确定深处〜的岩浆室。 5公里，岩浆室深度约30–40公里。我们的研究使我们可以考虑以下主要特征：热场增加，氦同位素比的变化，火山构造下的地震缝隙，