Plasma arc coatings produced from powder-cored wires developed at the Paton Electric Welding Institute that were deposited onto a low-carbon steel substrate were characterized. Interaction between the steel sheath (constituting at least 80 wt.% of the wire) and powder cores, such as B4C, B4C + ZrO2(nano), B4C + (Cr, Fe)7C3, and B4C + (Cr, Fe)7C3 + Al, in the arc plasma spraying process was analyzed. The resultant coatings were free of defects and had low porosity (to 2.5%) and lamellar structure. The core carbide components were found to dope the coating ferritic matrix and strengthen it with carbide, carboboride, and boride precipitates. An addition of 0.5% ZrO2 nanopowder refined the coating structure and participated in the formation of Fe2B and Fe3B precipitates. An aluminum addition within 10 wt.% did not led to iron aluminides but, being easily melted, activated the interaction between components, reduced porosity, and improved adhesion strength of the coatings. The coatings reached a microhardness of 6.25–8.59 GPa, being 4 to 5.5 times higher than the microhardness of the steel wire sheath. The development and use of such powder-cored wires expanded the application of plasma arc spraying, particularly for the protection of equipment against abrasive gas wear in chemical engineering, in the production of parts for pumps, compressors, and other components, and for the recovery of worn parts.

中文翻译：

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由带钢护套的粉末芯线制成的等离子电弧涂层

对由帕顿电焊研究所开发的粉末芯焊丝生产的等离子电弧涂层进行了表征，这些焊丝沉积在低碳钢基材上。钢护套（至少占焊丝重量的 80%）和粉芯之间的相互作用，例如 B4C、B4C + ZrO2（纳米）、B4C + (Cr, Fe)7C3 和 B4C + (Cr, Fe)7C3 +Al，在电弧等离子喷涂过程中进行了分析。所得涂层没有缺陷并且具有低孔隙率（至 2.5%）和层状结构。发现核心碳化物组分掺杂涂层铁素体基体并用碳化物、碳硼化物和硼化物沉淀物对其进行强化。添加 0.5% ZrO2 纳米粉体改善了涂层结构并参与了 Fe2B 和 Fe3B 沉淀物的形成。添加 10 wt.% 以内的铝不会导致铁铝化物，但是，易于熔化，激活组分之间的相互作用，降低孔隙率，提高涂层的附着强度。涂层的显微硬度达到 6.25-8.59 GPa，是钢丝护套显微硬度的 4-5.5 倍。这种粉芯焊丝的开发和使用扩大了等离子弧喷涂的应用，特别是在化学工程中保护设备免受磨损性气体磨损，在泵、压缩机和其他组件的零件生产中以及用于回收磨损的零件。