Abstract—

The most important chemical and physical properties of Al, Ga, In, and Tl, as well as the basic aspects of their inorganic chemistry are summarized in this review. Special attention is given to the formation of stable and unusual 4-membered chelate rings in compounds of these metals. The current status of structural coordination and organometallic chemistry of main group III metals in oxidation states +1, +2 and +3, in respect of the formation of those uncommon metallocycles with variety of O, N, S, Se, and Te donor atoms, is reviewed. It turns out that thallium is the least represented metal in the group for this type of binding with conventionally used organic ligands. However, Tl⁺ readily forms Werner-type complexes with cyanoximes, which are a new subclass of ampolidentate organic ligands with the general formula NC–C(=N–OH)–R (where R is an electron-withdrawing group), capable of binding numerous metal ions. These Tl(I) cyanoximates possess unusual structures with dimeric Tl₂O₂ core, which can adopt either symmetrical or unsymmetrical planar/non-planar geometry. Structural chemistry, binding modes, thermal and spectroscopic properties of these ‘TlL’ composition complexes are discussed.

中文翻译：

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III族主要金属配合物中异常的四元金属环

摘要-

本文综述了Al，Ga，In和Tl的最重要的化学和物理性质，以及其无机化学的基本方面。要特别注意在这些金属的化合物中形成稳定且不寻常的4元螯合环。就形成那些具有各种O，N，S，Se和Te供体原子的罕见金属环而言，处于氧化状态+ 1，+ 2和+3的主要III族金属的结构配位和有机金属化学的当前状态，已审核。事实证明，在与常规使用的有机配体的这种类型的结合中，is是该组中代表最少的金属。但是，Tl ⁺容易与氰肟形成Werner型络合物，氰肟是具有两性金属配体的新型两性有机配体，其通式为NC–C（= N–OH）–R（其中R为吸电子基团），能够结合多种金属离子。这些Tl（I）氰基肟酸酯具有不寻常的结构，带有二聚体Tl ₂ O ₂核，可以采用对称或不对称的平面/非平面几何形状。讨论了这些“ TlL”组合物的结构化学，结合模式，热学和光谱性质。