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Site-specific RNA methylation by a methyltransferase ribozyme
Nature ( IF 64.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 , DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2854-z
Carolin P M Scheitl 1 , Mohammad Ghaem Maghami 1 , Ann-Kathrin Lenz 1 , Claudia Höbartner 1
Affiliation  

Nearly all classes of coding and non-coding RNA undergo post-transcriptional modification, including RNA methylation. Methylated nucleotides are among the evolutionarily most-conserved features of transfer (t)RNA and ribosomal (r)RNA 1 , 2 . Many contemporary methyltransferases use the universal cofactor S -adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl-group donor. SAM and other nucleotide-derived cofactors are considered to be evolutionary leftovers from an RNA world, in which ribozymes may have catalysed essential metabolic reactions beyond self-replication 3 . Chemically diverse ribozymes seem to have been lost in nature, but may be reconstructed in the laboratory by in vitro selection. Here we report a methyltransferase ribozyme that catalyses the site-specific installation of 1-methyladenosine in a substrate RNA, using O 6 -methylguanine as a small-molecule cofactor. The ribozyme shows a broad RNA-sequence scope, as exemplified by site-specific adenosine methylation in various RNAs. This finding provides fundamental insights into the catalytic abilities of RNA, serves a synthetic tool to install 1-methyladenosine in RNA and may pave the way to in vitro evolution of other methyltransferase and demethylase ribozymes. A methyltransferase ribozyme, along with the small-molecule cofactor O 6 -methylguanine, is shown to catalyse the site-specific installation of 1-methyladenosine in various RNAs, providing insights into the catalytic abilities of RNA.

中文翻译:

甲基转移酶核酶的位点特异性 RNA 甲基化

几乎所有类型的编码和非编码 RNA 都经过转录后修饰,包括 RNA 甲基化。甲基化核苷酸是转移 (t)RNA 和核糖体 (r)RNA 1、2 进化上最保守的特征之一。许多当代甲基转移酶使用通用辅因子 S-腺苷甲硫氨酸 (SAM) 作为甲基供体。SAM 和其他核苷酸衍生的辅助因子被认为是 RNA 世界的进化残余物,其中核酶可能催化了自我复制之外的基本代谢反应 3。化学上多样化的核酶似乎在自然界中已经丢失,但可以通过体外选择在实验室中重建。在这里,我们报告了一种甲基转移酶核酶,它催化 1-甲基腺苷在底物 RNA 中的位点特异性安装,使用O 6 -甲基鸟嘌呤作为小分子辅因子。核酶显示出广泛的 RNA 序列范围,例如各种 RNA 中的位点特异性腺苷甲基化。这一发现提供了对 RNA 催化能力的基本见解,为在 RNA 中安装 1-甲基腺苷提供了一种合成工具,并可能为其他甲基转移酶和脱甲基酶核酶的体外进化铺平道路。甲基转移酶核酶与小分子辅因子 O 6 -甲基鸟嘌呤一起被证明可催化 1-甲基腺苷在各种 RNA 中的位点特异性安装,从而深入了解 RNA 的催化能力。是一种在 RNA 中安装 1-甲基腺苷的合成工具,可能为其他甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶核酶的体外进化铺平道路。甲基转移酶核酶与小分子辅因子 O 6 -甲基鸟嘌呤一起被证明可催化 1-甲基腺苷在各种 RNA 中的位点特异性安装,从而深入了解 RNA 的催化能力。是一种在 RNA 中安装 1-甲基腺苷的合成工具,可能为其他甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶核酶的体外进化铺平道路。甲基转移酶核酶与小分子辅因子 O 6 -甲基鸟嘌呤一起被证明可催化 1-甲基腺苷在各种 RNA 中的位点特异性安装,从而深入了解 RNA 的催化能力。
更新日期:2020-10-28
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