The influence of the chemical composition on the biosorption potential of waste jute fabric for Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺ was investigated. The raw jute fabric was treated with sodium hydroxide or sodium chlorite to selectively remove hemicelluloses and lignin, respectively. All jute fabrics were characterized by determination of their chemical composition as well as functional group content. The effects of solution pH, contact time, and initial metal ion concentration on the biosorption from monometallic and polymetallic solution by jute fabrics were investigated. The maximum biosorption capacity for all heavy metal ions was observed at pH 5.5. Concerning the contact time, the raw jute fabric shows more than 72 % of the total uptake capacity of Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺ within 1 h, while the jute fabrics with lower hemicelluloses and lignin content show between 72–85 % of the total uptake capacity within 3 h. Increased initial metal ion concentration from 10 to 20 mg/l in monometallic solution caused an increase in the total uptake capacity of jute fabrics with lower hemicelluloses and lignin content for 47–69 % (Ni²⁺), 42–63 % (Cu²⁺), and 22–37 % (Zn²⁺). The biosorption capacity of alkali treated jute fabrics was affected by the changes in the total amount of carboxyl and aldehyde groups that accompany the hemicelluloses removal. In the case of the oxidative treatment, the biosorption capacity was affected by the lignin content as well as the amount of introduced carboxyl groups. The best biosorption performance possesses jute fabric with 63.2 % lower lignin content as well as 81.1 % higher amount of carboxyl groups; biosorption capacity toward Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺ in monometallic solution is about 2.4; 2.2 and 3.5 times higher compared to the raw jute fabric, respectively. All jute fabrics exhibited the same affinity order (which is independent on the initial metal ion concentrations) toward heavy metal ions: Ni²⁺ > Cu²⁺ > Zn²⁺ in the case of competitive biosorption. An increase in the initial metal ion concentration for two times in the polymetallic solution caused about a 35–59 % increase in the total uptake capacity of Ni²⁺, while the total uptake capacities of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ increased for 19–38 % and 18–65 %, respectively.

研究了化学成分对废黄麻织物对Ni 2 ⁺，Cu ²⁺和Zn ²⁺的生物吸附潜力的影响。将粗制的黄麻织物用氢氧化钠或亚氯酸钠处理以分别选择性地除去半纤维素和木质素。所有黄麻织物的特征在于其化学成分以及官能团含量的确定。研究了溶液的pH，接触时间和初始金属离子浓度对黄麻织物对单金属和多金属溶液生物吸附的影响。在pH 5.5下观察到所有重金属离子的最大生物吸附能力。关于接触时间，粗麻布织物显示出的Ni ²⁺总吸收量超过72％，Cu ²⁺和Zn ²⁺在1 h内，而具有较低半纤维素和木质素含量的黄麻织物在3 h内占总吸收量的72–85％。单金属溶液中的初始金属离子浓度从10 mg / l增加到20 mg / l导致半纤维素和木质素含量较低的黄麻织物的总吸收能力增加，分别为47-69％（Ni 2 ⁺），42-63％（Cu ^{2 +}）和22–37％（Zn ²⁺）。碱处理过的黄麻织物的生物吸附能力受半纤维素去除过程中羧基和醛基总量的变化的影响。在氧化处理的情况下，生物吸附能力受木质素含量以及引入的羧基量的影响。黄麻织物的木质素含量低63.2％，羧基含量高81.1％，具有最佳的生物吸附性能。对Ni 2 ⁺，Cu ²⁺和Zn ^2+的生物吸附能力在单金属溶液中约为2.4; 分别是生黄麻织物的2.2倍和3.5倍。所有黄麻织物对重金属离子均表现出相同的亲和力顺序（与初始金属离子浓度无关）：在竞争性生物吸附的情况下，Ni ²⁺ > Cu ²⁺ > Zn ²⁺。多金属溶液中初始金属离子浓度增加两倍，导致Ni ²⁺的总吸收量增加约35–59％，而Cu ²⁺和Zn ²⁺的总吸收量增加19-时。分别为38％和18–65％。