Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important food and cash crop in Pakistan, although less soil fertility (organic matter) and suboptimal application of fertilizers cause nutrient depletion and yield decline. Extensive use of inorganic fertilizers without soil physiochemical analysis is problematic in terms of soil fertility and crop productivity. The application of compost combined with or without chemical fertilizer is considered as a sustainable agricultural production system because it enhances crop productivity and soil fertility. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the effects of bio-fertilizer (organic compost) (Bio-F), chemical fertilizer (RDF), and controlled (CK) farming treatments on some soil physical properties and crop yield. The seven different farming treatments based on N equivalency (compost nutritional analysis) including sole compost levels (20 and 30 t ha⁻¹), sole chemical fertilizer (NPK, 30 kg ha⁻¹), integrated fertilizer treatments (compost + RDF), and a controlled treatment were laid in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications under the same experimental field conditions from 2017 to 2020 cropping seasons. Before sesame production, soil samples at a depth of (0–15 cm, 15–30 cm) were analyzed to determine the effect of different farming treatments on soil physical properties. A significantly higher grain yield of sesame (805.1 kg ha⁻¹) was obtained from Bio-F₃ integrated fertilizer application (30 t ha⁻¹ + ½ RDF). The treatments with higher doses of bio-fertilizer (compost) have a significant reduction in soil weight (bulk density), while the increase has been observed in the porosity values. Compared with sole RDF and Bio-F, integrated farming treatments have significantly improved the soil field capacity, available moisture to plants and wilting point. Therefore, the integrated farming system (chemical fertilizer + compost) is recommended for sustainable agroecology and crop production.

芝麻（Sesamum indicum L.）是巴基斯坦重要的粮食和经济作物，尽管土壤肥力（有机物）减少以及肥料使用不当会导致营养耗尽和单产下降。就土壤肥力和农作物生产力而言，大量使用无机肥料而不进行土壤理化分析存在问题。堆肥配合使用或不使用化学肥料被认为是可持续的农业生产系统，因为它可以提高农作物的生产力和土壤肥力。因此，本研究旨在评估生物肥料（有机堆肥）（Bio-F），化学肥料（RDF）和受控（CK）耕作处理对某些土壤物理性质和农作物产量的影响。^-1），唯一的化肥（NPK，30 kg ha ^-1），综合肥料处理（compost + RDF）和对照处理均置于完全随机设计（CRD）中，在相同的实验田间条件下重复进行三遍2017至2020种植季节。在芝麻生产之前，对深度（0-15厘米，15-30厘米）的土壤样品进行了分析，以确定不同耕作方法对土壤物理特性的影响。通过Bio-F ₃综合肥的施用（30 t ha ^-1），芝麻的谷物产量显着提高（805.1 kg ha ^-1）+½RDF）。使用较高剂量的生物肥料（堆肥）进行处理后，土壤重量（堆积密度）显着降低，而孔隙度值则有所增加。与单独的RDF和Bio-F相比，综合耕作处理显着提高了土壤田间能力，植物可用水分和枯萎点。因此，建议将综合耕作系统（化肥+堆肥）用于可持续农业生态和作物生产。