Zaprionus indianus was first reported in South America in 1999 and has rapidly colonised most of the continent since. Previous studies established Brazil as the sole entry point into the continent and the source of its expansion northward, but dispersal to the southern limit of its distribution in South America has not been studied so far. In the present work we extracted DNA of 127 individuals collected in north-eastern Argentina (South America) and amplified the COII mitochondrial gene in order to describe the mitochondrial genetic diversity and shed light about the invasion history of this species into this area. Our results suggest a single Z. indianus introduction wave from Brazil has recently occurred in north-eastern Argentina. In addition, by comparison with available sequences from other locations we can state that the invasive haplotypes present in Argentina are shared with those found in Brazilian populations and are phylogenetically closer to haplotypes from Africa than those found in India. This places Brazil as the sole recipient of the invasion to the American continent and its subsequent dispersion southwards.

Zaprionus indianus最早于1999年在南美报道，此后迅速在该大陆的大部分地区定居。先前的研究确定巴西是进入非洲大陆的唯一入口，也是巴西向北扩张的源头，但到目前为止，尚未对巴西向南扩展的分布范围进行研究。在当前的工作中，我们提取了在阿根廷东北部（南美）收集的127个人的DNA，并扩增了COII线粒体基因，以描述线粒体的遗传多样性，并阐明了该物种入侵该地区的历史。我们的结果表明，单个印度印地安Z.巴西的引进浪潮最近在阿根廷东北部发生。此外，通过与其他位置的可用序列进行比较，我们可以得出结论，阿根廷存在的侵入性单倍型与巴西种群中的侵入型单倍型相同，在系统发育上比印度的单倍型更接近于非洲。这使巴西成为入侵美洲大陆及其随后向南扩散的唯一接受国。