Seed aging has an important effect on the germplasm preservation and industrialized production of Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, so far its underlying molecular mechanisms still largely remain unknown. To shed light on this topic, one-year stored seeds of E. sibiricus were exposed to artificial aging treatments (AAT), followed by seed vigor characteristics and physiological status monitoring. Then global proteomics analysis was undertaken by the tandem mass tags (TMT) technique, and the proteins were quantified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on three aging time points (0 h, 36 h and 72 h). Finally, we verified the expression of related proteins by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Our results demonstrated that the seed vigor decreased remarkably in response to artificial aging, but the relative ion-leakage and malondialdehyde content, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide showed the opposite situation. Proteomic results showed that a total of 4169 proteins were identified and quantified. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that a series of key pathways including carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant activity were severely damaged by aging treatments. Numerous key proteins such as glyceraldehyde triphosphate glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, lipoxygenase, peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and late embryogenesis abundant proteins were significantly down-regulated. However, the up-regulation of the heat shock protein family has made a positive contribution to oxidative stress resistance in seeds. This study provides a useful catalog of the E. sibiricus proteomes with insights into the future genetic improvement of seed storability.

中文翻译：

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比较的生理和蛋白质组学分析揭示了西伯利亚野生黑麦种子人工老化过程中蛋白质的不同参与

种子老化对青藏高原西伯利亚野马（Elymus sibiricus）的种质保藏和工业化生产具有重要影响。然而，到目前为止，其潜在的分子机制仍然很大程度上未知。为了阐明这一主题，一年存放了西伯利亚大肠埃希菌的种子进行人工时效处理（AAT），然后进行种子活力特征和生理状态监测。然后通过串联质谱（TMT）技术进行了全局蛋白质组学分析，并通过液相色谱-串联质谱法在三个老化时间点（0 h，36 h和72 h）对蛋白质进行了定量。最后，我们通过平行反应监测（PRM）验证了相关蛋白的表达。我们的结果表明，种子的活力随着人工衰老而显着降低，但相对离子渗漏和丙二醛含量，超氧阴离子和过氧化氢却呈现相反的情况。蛋白质组学结果显示，总共鉴定和定量了4169种蛋白质。基因本体论（GO）分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析表明，老化处理严重破坏了包括碳水化合物代谢，脂质代谢和抗氧化活性在内的一系列关键途径。大量关键蛋白如三磷酸甘油醛，甘油醛脱氢酶，琥珀酸脱氢酶，脂氧合酶，过氧化物酶，谷胱甘肽-s-转移酶和晚期胚胎发生丰富的蛋白被显着下调。但是，热休克蛋白家族的上调对种子的抗氧化性作出了积极贡献。这项研究提供了有用的目录 大量关键蛋白如三磷酸甘油醛，甘油醛脱氢酶，琥珀酸脱氢酶，脂氧合酶，过氧化物酶，谷胱甘肽-s-转移酶和晚期胚胎发生丰富的蛋白被显着下调。但是，热休克蛋白家族的上调对种子的抗氧化性作出了积极贡献。这项研究提供了有用的目录 大量关键蛋白如三磷酸甘油醛甘油醛脱氢酶，琥珀酸脱氢酶，脂氧合酶，过氧化物酶，谷胱甘肽-s-转移酶和晚期胚胎发生丰富的蛋白被显着下调。但是，热休克蛋白家族的上调对种子的抗氧化性作出了积极贡献。这项研究提供了有用的目录E. sibiricus蛋白质组学，具有对种子可贮藏性未来遗传改良的见识。