Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is an emerging pathogen of nosocomial infection in chronic or critically ill patients without cystic fibrosis (CF). The objective was to evaluate the management and outcomes of BCC bacteremia in patients without CF. We conducted a retrospective study of non-CF adult patients with BCC bacteremia between January 1997 and December 2016 at 4 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. A total of 216 non-CF patients with BCC bacteremia were identified. Most cases were hospital-acquired (79.2%), and the most common source was a central venous catheter (CVC) (42.1%). The rates of susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and piperacillin-tazobactam of BCC isolates were high as 92.8% and 90.3%, respectively. The rates of susceptibility to ceftazidime, meropenem, and levofloxacin were 75.5%, 72.3%, and 64.1%, respectively. The 14-day, 30-day, and in-hospital mortality rate was 19.4%, 23.1%, and 31.0%, respectively. Female (OR = 3.1; 95% CI, 1.4–6.8), liver cirrhosis (OR = 6.2; 95% CI, 1.6–16.6), septic shock (OR = 11.2; 95% CI, 5.1–24.8), and catheter-related infection (OR = 2.6, 95% CI, 1.2–5.8) were the independent risk factors for 30-day mortality. The outcome did not differ according to type of antibiotics used. Among 91 patients with CVC-related BCC bacteremia, delayed CVC removal (> 3 days) had a higher rate of persistent bacteremia (54.5 vs. 26.1%; P = 0.03) and lower rate of clinical response (49.0 vs. 71.9%; P = 0.04), compared with early CVC removal (within 3 days). BCC bacteremia occurring in non-CF patients was mostly hospital-acquired and CVC-related. Early removal of the catheter is crucial in treatment of CVC-related BCC bacteremia.

洋葱伯克霍尔德菌复合物（BCC）是没有囊性纤维化（CF）的慢性或重症患者中医院感染的新兴病原体。目的是评估无CF患者的BCC菌血症的管理和结果。我们在1997年1月至2016年12月之间，对韩国4家三级医院的非CF成人BCC菌血症患者进行了回顾性研究。总共鉴定出216名BCF菌血症的非CF患者。大多数病例是医院获得性（79.2％），最常见的来源是中央静脉导管（CVC）（42.1％）。BCC分离株对甲氧苄氨嘧啶-磺胺甲基异恶唑和哌拉西林-他唑巴坦的敏感性分别高达92.8％和90.3％。头孢他啶，美罗培南和左氧氟沙星的敏感性分别为75.5％，72.3％和64.1％。14天，30天 住院死亡率分别为19.4％，23.1％和31.0％。女性（OR = 3.1； 95％CI，1.4–6.8），肝硬化（OR = 6.2； 95％CI，1.6–16.6），败血性休克（OR = 11.2； 95％CI，5.1–24.8）和导管相关感染（OR = 2.6，95％CI，1.2–5.8）是30天死亡率的独立危险因素。根据所用抗生素的类型，结果没有不同。在91例与CVC相关的BCC菌血症的患者中，延迟CVC去除（> 3天）的持续菌血症发生率更高（54.5比26.1％； P> 0.05）。根据所用抗生素的类型，结果没有不同。在91例与CVC相关的BCC菌血症的患者中，延迟CVC去除（> 3天）的持续菌血症发生率更高（54.5比26.1％； P> 0.05）。根据所用抗生素的类型，结果没有不同。在91例与CVC相关的BCC菌血症的患者中，延迟CVC去除（> 3天）的持续菌血症发生率更高（54.5比26.1％； P> 0.05）。 与早期CVC移除（3天内）相比，P  = 0.03）和较低的临床缓解率（49.0 vs. 71.9％；P = 0.04）。非CF患者中发生的BCC菌血症主要是医院获得性感染，并且与CVC相关。尽早取出导管对于治疗CVC相关的BCC菌血症至关重要。