Background: One of the most common co-morbidities, that often leads to death, associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) is represented by acute lung injury (ALI). While many aspects of AP-induced lung inflammation have been investigated, the involvement of specific pathways, such as those centered on nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain containing receptor 3 (NLRP3), has not been fully elucidated. Methods: To investigate the effect of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nuts on pancreatic and lung injury induced by cerulein injection, cerulein (50 μg/kg) was administered to CD1 mice for 10 h. Oral treatment with cashew nuts at a dose of 100 mg/kg was given 30 min and 2 h after the first cerulein injection. One hour after the final cerulein injection, mice were euthanized and blood, lung and pancreatic tissue samples were collected. Results: Cashew nuts were able to (1) reduce histological damage; (2) mitigate the induction of mast cell degranulation as well as the activity of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde; (3) decrease the activity levels of amylase and lipase as well as the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines; and (4) enhance the activation of the Nrf2 pathway and suppress the activation of the NLRP3 pathway in response to cerulein in both pancreas and lung. Conclusions: Cashew nuts could have a beneficial effect not only on pancreatitis but also on lung injury induced by cerulein.

中文翻译：

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腰果 (Anacardium occidentale L.) 坚果在 Cerulein 诱导急性胰腺炎后调节胰腺和肺中的 Nrf2 和 NLRP3 通路


背景：急性肺损伤（ALI）是与急性胰腺炎（AP）相关的最常见并发症之一，通常会导致死亡。虽然 AP 诱导的肺部炎症的许多方面已得到研究，但特定途径的参与，例如以核因子 E2 相关因子 2 (Nrf2) 和富含亮氨酸重复序列 (NLR) 的核苷酸结合域和包含热蛋白结构域为中心的途径的参与受体3（NLRP3）尚未完全阐明。方法：为探讨腰果（ Anacardium occidentale L.）对雨蛙素注射所致胰腺和肺损伤的影响，给予CD1小鼠雨蛙素（50 μg/kg）10 h。第一次注射雨蛙素后 30 分钟和 2 小时口服腰果，剂量为 100 mg/kg。最后一次雨蛙素注射后一小时，对小鼠实施安乐死，并收集血液、肺和胰腺组织样本。结果：腰果能够（1）减少组织学损伤； (2)减轻肥大细胞脱颗粒的诱导以及髓过氧化物酶和丙二醛的活性； (3)降低淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性水平以及促炎细胞因子的水平； (4)在胰腺和肺中响应雨蛙素增强Nrf2通路的激活并抑制NLRP3通路的激活。结论：腰果不仅对胰腺炎有益，而且对雨蛙素引起的肺损伤也有有益作用。