Argania spinosa (Sapotaceae), an important endemic Moroccan oil tree, is a primary source of argan oil, which has numerous dietary and medicinal proprieties. The plant species occupies the mid-western part of Morocco and provides great environmental and socioeconomic benefits. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of A. spinosa was sequenced, assembled, and analyzed in comparison with those of two Sapotaceae members. The A. spinosa cp genome is 158,848 bp long, with an average GC content of 36.8%. The cp genome exhibits a typical quadripartite and circular structure consisting of a pair of inverted regions (IR) of 25,945 bp in length separating small single-copy (SSC) and large single-copy (LSC) regions of 18,591 and 88,367 bp, respectively. The annotation of A. spinosa cp genome predicted 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes (CDS), 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. A total of 44 long repeats and 88 simple sequence repeats (SSR) divided into mononucleotides (76), dinucleotides (7), trinucleotides (3), tetranucleotides (1), and hexanucleotides (1) were identified in the A. spinosa cp genome. Phylogenetic analyses using the maximum likelihood (ML) method were performed based on 69 protein-coding genes from 11 species of Ericales. The results confirmed the close position of A. spinosa to the Sideroxylon genus, supporting the revisiting of its taxonomic status. The complete chloroplast genome sequence will be valuable for further studies on the conservation and breeding of this medicinally and culinary important species and also contribute to clarifying the phylogenetic position of the species within Sapotaceae.

中文翻译：

---

刺阿干树完整叶绿体基因组：山楂科的结构组织和系统发育关系


刺阿干树（Sapotaceae）是一种重要的摩洛哥特有油树，是摩洛哥坚果油的主要来源，摩洛哥坚果油具有多种饮食和药用特性。该植物物种占据摩洛哥中西部地区，提供了巨大的环境和社会经济效益。对刺 A. spinosa的完整叶绿体 (cp) 基因组进行了测序、组装和分析，并与两种山楂科成员的叶绿体基因组进行了比较。 A. spinosa cp基因组长158,848 bp，平均GC含量为36.8%。 cp基因组表现出典型的四分体和环状结构，由一对长度为25,945 bp的倒置区域（IR）组成，其分隔分别为18,591和88,367 bp的小单拷贝（SSC）和大单拷贝（LSC）区域。刺无花果cp基因组注释预测了130个基因，其中包括85个蛋白质编码基因（CDS）、8个核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因和37个转移RNA（tRNA）基因。在A. spinosa cp基因组中鉴定出总共44个长重复序列和88个简单序列重复序列（SSR），分为单核苷酸（76）、二核苷酸（7）、三核苷酸（3）、四核苷酸（1）和六核苷酸（1） 。使用最大似然（ML）方法对来自杜鹃花目（Ericales）的 11 个物种的 69 个蛋白质编码基因进行系统发育分析。结果证实了A. spinosa与Sideroxylon属的位置接近，支持重新审视其分类地位。 完整的叶绿体基因组序列对于进一步研究这种药用和烹饪重要物种的保护和育种具有重要价值，也有助于阐明该物种在山楂科中的系统发育地位。