Introduction

Studies have shown that systemic levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) are elevated in cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in populations resident in high income countries. However, little is known about the association of BCAAs and AAAs with metabolic syndrome and its components in Asian Indian (AI) and Black African (BA) populations.

Objective

The aim of this study was to describe the association of BCAAs and AAAs with the metabolic syndrome, its individual components and insulin resistance in AI and BA populations.

Methods

Serum samples collected from AI (n = 349) and BA (n = 369) subjects were used to measure levels of BCAAs and AAAs by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Anthropometric, demographic and cardiometabolic variables were measured in all subjects.

Results

The sum of BCAAs and AAAs was higher in AIs compared to BAs. The BCAAs and AAAs were positively associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and its individual components. This was particularly the case for AI subjects, in unadjusted regression models. However, these associations were non-significant after adjusting for co-variates, particularly visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Triglyceride levels were significantly associated with valine and leucine levels in BAs even after adjustment for co-variates. Lastly, we found that fasting circulatory BCAA and AAA levels are strongly correlated with VAT in both populations.

Conclusion

This study identified specific associations of serum valine and leucine levels with triglycerides in BAs. The association of amino acids with CMDs was observed in AIs, but was found to be the result of confounding by VAT. Further studies are required to determine whether BCAAs and AAAs are aetiological factors in CMDs and how VAT modulates their serum levels.

中文翻译：

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非洲黑人和亚洲印度人的支链和芳香族氨基酸与心脏代谢风险

介绍

研究表明，在高收入国家居民的心脏代谢疾病 (CMD) 中，支链氨基酸 (BCAA) 和芳香族氨基酸 (AAA) 的全身水平升高。然而，关于 BCAAs 和 AAAs 与代谢综合征及其成分在亚洲印度 (AI) 和非洲黑人 (BA) 人群中的关联知之甚少。

客观的

本研究的目的是描述 BCAA 和 AAA 与 AI 和 BA 人群中代谢综合征、其各个组成部分和胰岛素抵抗的关联。

方法

从 AI (n = 349) 和 BA (n = 369) 受试者收集的血清样本用于通过超压液相色谱串联质谱 (UPLC-MS/MS) 测量 BCAA 和 AAA 的水平。在所有受试者中测量了人体测量学、人口统计学和心脏代谢变量。

结果

与 BA 相比，AI 中 BCAA 和 AAA 的总和更高。BCAA 和 AAA 与胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征及其各个组成部分呈正相关。在未调整的回归模型中，对于 AI 对象来说尤其如此。然而，在调整协变量后，这些关联并不显着，尤其是内脏脂肪组织 (VAT)。即使在调整协变量后，甘油三酯水平与 BA 中的缬氨酸和亮氨酸水平显着相关。最后，我们发现禁食循环 BCAA 和 AAA 水平与两个人群的增值税密切相关。

结论

该研究确定了血清缬氨酸和亮氨酸水平与 BA 中甘油三酯的特定关联。在 AI 中观察到氨基酸与 CMD 的关联，但发现是增值税混淆的结果。需要进一步的研究来确定 BCAAs 和 AAAs 是否是 CMDs 的病因以及 VAT 如何调节它们的血清水平。