The purpose of this study was to measure and assess comparative study of technical and environmental efficiency of agriculture sector in South Asia using balanced panel data for the period 2002–2016. The translog stochastic frontier analysis approach was applied to estimate output-oriented technical efficiency and input-oriented environmental efficiency. Results of translog production model give that output elasticity w.r.t. land, labor, capital and fertilizer is 2.13, 1.26, 0.01 and 0.17, respectively. Log likelihood test shows that there is technical inefficiency in the agriculture sector of South Asian countries. The average value of output-oriented technical efficiency for South Asian countries was 0.92 ranging from 0.82 to 0.97. This suggests that agricultural production of South Asian region could be increased up to 8 percent by eliminating the effects of technical inefficiency. Moreover, the findings show that Sri Lanka is the most technically efficient country having efficiency 0.99 followed by India (0.98), Bhutan (0.93), Bangladesh (0.89), Nepal (0.88) and Pakistan (0.85). The results of input-oriented environmental efficiency score of South Asia were 0.77 ranging from 0.57 to 0.97. This shows that there is opportunity to enhance environmental efficiency of South Asian countries by 23%. Sri Lanka achieved the highest environmental efficiency (0.97) followed by India (0.96), Bhutan (0.72), Bangladesh (0.71), Pakistan (0.67) and Nepal (0.57). It is recommended that there must be collaboration among the South Asian countries in research and development especially in agriculture sector on priority bases.

中文翻译：

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南亚农业部门的技术和环境效率：随机前沿分析方法

本研究的目的是使用 2002-2016 年期间的平衡面板数据衡量和评估南亚农业部门技术和环境效率的比较研究。应用跨对数随机前沿分析方法估计面向产出的技术效率和面向投入的环境效率。Translog 生产模型的结果表明，土地、劳动力、资本和肥料的产出弹性分别为 2.13、1.26、0.01 和 0.17。对数似然检验表明，南亚国家农业部门存在技术效率低下的问题。南亚国家以产出为导向的技术效率平均值为 0.92，介于 0.82 至 0.97 之间。这表明，通过消除技术效率低下的影响，南亚地区的农业产量可以提高 8%。此外，调查结果显示，斯里兰卡是技术效率最高的国家，效率为 0.99，其次是印度 (0.98)、不丹 (0.93)、孟加拉国 (0.89)、尼泊尔 (0.88) 和巴基斯坦 (0.85)。南亚投入导向的环境效率得分为0.77，范围从0.57到0.97。这表明南亚国家的环境效率有机会提高 23%。斯里兰卡的环境效率最高（0.97），其次是印度（0.96）、不丹（0.72）、孟加拉国（0.71）、巴基斯坦（0.67）和尼泊尔（0.57）。