‘Peroba rosa’ (Aspidosperma polyneuron Muell. Arg.) is a forest species native to Brazil, which is threatened of extinction due to intense predatory exploitation. Knowing the physiological and sanitary aspects of the seeds or seedlings of native species is essential to determine the viability of the establishment of seedlings and natural regeneration. In tropical regions such as Brazil, the susceptibility of phytopathogens in native forest species is still poorly understood. In this work, we report for the first time Fusarium species associated with pathogenicity in Aspidosperma polyneuron. We identified a diverse group of crop pathogens Fusarium species - F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides, F. equiseti, F. fujikuroi, F. pseudocircinatum and F. subglutinans from seeds, able to cause darkening of the leaf limb of inoculated seedlings. These results provide valuable information on the pathogenic association of Fusarium with an indigenous forest tree and possible risks these fungi might pose to the forest species.

“ Peroba rosa”（Aspidosperma polyneuron Muell。Arg。）是巴西本土的森林物种，由于强烈的掠夺性开采而濒临灭绝的危险。了解种子或幼苗的生理和卫生方面对于确定幼苗建立和自然再生的可行性至关重要。在巴西等热带地区，对原生林物种中植物病原体的敏感性仍知之甚少。在这项工作中，我们首次报告与曲霉多神经元致病性相关的镰刀菌物种。我们确定了多种农作物病原体镰刀菌物种-茄病镰刀菌，尖孢镰孢，轮枝F.，F.木贼，F.恶苗，F. pseudocircinatum和F. subglutinans从种子，能够引起接种的幼苗的叶肢的变暗。这些结果提供了有关镰刀菌与本土林木的致病性关联的有价值信息，以及这些真菌可能对森林物种造成的潜在风险。