Fire is an important disturbance in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a key role in the germination process and seedling establishment of many species. In grassland ecosystems, seeds normally tolerate heat-shocks associated with low intensity fires but are negatively affected by higher heat doses. Additionally, smoke-stimulated germination is not commonly recognized as important in neotropical grasslands. This may result from a negative relationship between the ability to resprout after fire and fire-stimulated germination ability, as many species in these grasslands regenerate well after fire by resprouting. To ascertain the role of heat and smoke in the post-fire germination response of campo rupestre vegetation, we exposed seeds of nine species (that regenerate after fire by resprouting) to various treatments related to fire (heat, smoke, and heat plus smoke) and analysed their germination behaviour. Our results suggest that these species have high seed germination in the absence of specific dormancy breaking conditions and/or that stimulated germination triggered by fire-related cues is not common. Additionally, while seeds from some species can withstand temperatures of 80 °C for 5 min without affecting germination, most species are negatively affected by higher heat doses. However, our results suggest an important role of smoke enhancing germination rate (speed) of campo rupestre species. In view of the characteristics of campo rupestre environmental conditions and vegetation, we provide a novel outlook of enhanced germination rate by smoke as an important mechanism for seed regeneration after fire of campo rupestre’s species that resprout, particularly for seeds resulting from post-fire seed dispersion.

火是陆地生态系统的重要干扰，在许多物种的发芽过程和幼苗生长中起着关键作用。在草原生态系统中，种子通常可以承受与低强度火灾相关的热冲击，但受到较高热剂量的不利影响。另外，在新热带草原上，烟雾刺激的萌发通常不被认为是重要的。这可能是由于火灾后的发芽能力与火灾刺激的发芽能力之间存在负相关关系，因为这些草原上的许多物种在火灾后通过发芽再生得很好。为了确定热和烟在Campo rupestre植被的大火发芽后响应中的作用，我们将9种（通过重新萌芽后再生的种子）的种子暴露于与火有关的各种处理（热，烟，热量和烟雾），并分析了它们的发芽行为。我们的结果表明，在没有特定的休眠打破条件的情况下，这些物种具有较高的种子发芽率，并且/或者与火有关的线索触发的刺激发芽并不常见。此外，虽然某些物种的种子可以在80°C的温度下承受5分钟而不会影响发芽，但大多数物种受到较高热剂量的不利影响。但是，我们的研究结果表明，烟雾在提高Campo rupestre物种的发芽率（速度）方面具有重要作用。根据Campo rupestre环境条件和植被的特点，我们提出了提高烟发芽率的新观点，这是将Campo rupestre物种火种萌发后烟苗再生的重要机制，