Response time of the water table (WT) to rainfall is a relevant parameter for optimal management of water resources in plains. This study explores the response time of WT to climatological variability. WT dynamics were analyzed for a period of 10 years in 7 stations located in the Argentinean Pampean Region: Laboulaye (LAB), Arias, General Pico (GP), Azul, Dolores (DOL), Junín and Barrow. Statistical standard methods were applied on WT data series provided by the National Meteorological Service (in Spanish, SMN) and La Pampa province government. Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was applied in multiple temporal scales. Modeled SPEI data were correlated to WT and water table depth (WTD; in situ data) using the Pearson method. Results indicated that WTD response time is spatially variable in the study region when considering the rainfall and evapotranspiration balance (represented by the temporal behavior of the SPEI). These results allowed for the definition of a second-degree–function theoretical method of WTD that explains its variations for different extreme conditions. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to analyze the similarities of WTD evolution among the 5 stations for the 1986–1990 period. Highest statistical connections were found between GP and LAB, GP and DOL and between DOL and LAB stations, which indicated similarities in their dynamic and the maximum (WTD ~ 3.3 m) and mean (WTD ~ 2 m) WTD values measured during the studied period. Surface water coverage data, obtained through digital processing of satellite images of high spatial resolution, validates the relations between climatological variables and WTD showing increases (km²) during the periods in which the WTD was lowest and vice versa. The method presented in this investigation allows the use of SPEI to the prediction of WTD in zones, where it is difficult to measure it.

地下水位（WT）对降雨的响应时间是优化平原水资源管理的一个相关参数。这项研究探讨了WT对气候变化的响应时间。在阿根廷潘庞特地区的7个站点上对WT动力学进行了为期10年的分析：拉布拉（LAB），阿里亚斯，皮科将军（GP），阿祖尔，多洛雷斯（DOL），胡宁和巴罗。统计标准方法应用于由国家气象局（西班牙语，SMN）和拉潘帕省政府提供的WT数据系列。在多个时间尺度上应用了标准化降水和蒸散指数（SPEI）。使用Pearson方法将建模的SPEI数据与WT和地下水位深度（WTD；原位数据）相关。结果表明，在考虑降雨和蒸散量平衡（以SPEI的时间行为表示）时，研究区域的WTD响应时间在空间上是可变的。这些结果为WTD的二次函数理论方法的定义提供了解释，该方法解释了WTD在不同极端条件下的变化。多变量统计分析用于分析1986-1990年期间5个台站之间WTD演变的相似性。在GP和LAB，GP和DOL之间以及DOL和LAB站之间发现了最高的统计联系，这表明在研究期间测得的动态和最大（WTD〜3.3 m）和平均（WTD〜2 m）WTD值相似。通过对高空间分辨率的卫星图像进行数字处理获得的地表水覆盖数据，²）在WTD最低的时期，反之亦然。本调查中介绍的方法允许使用SPEI来预测难以测量的区域中的WTD。