Key message

This study focused on the role of CLE1-CLE7 peptides as environmental mediators and indicated that root-induced CLE2 functions systemically in light-dependent carbohydrate metabolism in shoots.

Abstract

Plants sense environmental stimuli and convert them into cellular signals, which are transmitted to distinct cells and tissues to induce adequate responses. Plant hormones and small secretory peptides often function as environmental stress mediators. In this study, we investigated whether CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED proteins, CLE1–CLE7, which share closely related CLE domains, mediate environmental stimuli in Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression analysis of CLE1–CLE7 revealed that these genes respond to different environmental stimuli, such as nitrogen deprivation, nitrogen replenishment, cold, salt, dark, and sugar starvation, in a sophisticated manner. To further investigate the function of CLE2, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing the β-glucuronidase gene under the control of the CLE2 promoter or expressing the CLE2 gene under the control of an estradiol-inducible promoter. We also generated cle2-1 and cle2-2 mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In these transgenic lines, dark induced the expression of CLE2 in the root vasculature. Additionally, induction of CLE2 in roots induced the expression of various genes not only in roots but also in shoots, and genes related to light-dependent carbohydrate metabolism were particularly induced in shoots. In addition, cle2 mutant plants showed chlorosis when subjected to a shade treatment. These results suggest that root-induced CLE2 functions systemically in light-dependent carbohydrate metabolism in shoots.

中文翻译：

---

CLE2 调节拟南芥芽中依赖光的碳水化合物代谢。

关键信息

本研究侧重于 CLE1-CLE7 肽作为环境介质的作用，并表明根诱导的 CLE2 在芽中光依赖性碳水化合物代谢中系统地发挥作用。

抽象的

植物感知环境刺激并将其转化为细胞信号，这些信号被传输到不同的细胞和组织以诱导足够的反应。植物激素和小分泌肽通常充当环境应激介质。在这项研究中，我们调查了共享密切相关的 CLE 结构域的 CLAVATA3/胚胎周围区域相关蛋白 CLE1-CLE7 是否介导拟南芥中的环境刺激。CLE1-CLE7的表达分析表明，这些基因以复杂的方式对不同的环境刺激作出反应，例如氮剥夺、氮补充、寒冷、盐分、黑暗和糖饥饿。进一步研究CLE2的功能，我们生成了在 CLE2 启动子控制下表达β-葡萄糖醛酸酶基因或在雌二醇诱导型启动子控制下表达CLE2基因的转基因拟南芥系。我们还使用 CRISPR/Cas9 技术生成了 cle2-1和cle2-2突变体。在这些转基因品系中，暗诱导CLE2在根脉管系统中的表达。此外，根中CLE2的诱导不仅在根中而且在枝条中诱导各种基因的表达，特别是在枝条中诱导了与光依赖性碳水化合物代谢相关的基因。此外，cle2突变植物在受到遮荫处理时表现出萎黄病。这些结果表明，根诱导的 CLE2 在枝条的光依赖性碳水化合物代谢中系统地发挥作用。