Active accumulation of the data on new amyloids continuing nowadays dissolves boundaries of the term "amyloid". Currently, it is most often used to designate aggregates with cross-β structure. At the same time, amyloids also exhibit a number of other unusual properties, such as: detergent and protease resistance, interaction with specific dyes, and ability to induce transition of some proteins from a soluble form to an aggregated one. The same features have been also demonstrated for the aggregates lacking cross-β structure, which are commonly called "amyloid-like" and combined into one group, although they are very diverse. We have collected and systematized information on the properties of more than two hundred known amyloids and amyloid-like proteins with emphasis on conflicting examples. In particular, a number of proteins in membraneless organelles form aggregates with cross-β structure that are morphologically indistinguishable from the other amyloids, but they can be dissolved in the presence of detergents, which is not typical for amyloids. Such paradoxes signify the need to clarify the existing definition of the term amyloid. On the other hand, the demonstrated structural diversity of the amyloid-like aggregates shows the necessity of their classification.

中文翻译：

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淀粉样蛋白和类淀粉样蛋白聚集体：多样性和术语危机

对新淀粉样蛋白数据的积极积累如今仍在继续，打破了术语“淀粉样蛋白”的界限。目前，它最常用于指定具有交叉β结构的聚集体。与此同时，淀粉样蛋白还表现出许多其他不寻常的特性，例如：抗去污剂和蛋白酶、与特定染料的相互作用以及诱导某些蛋白质从可溶形式转变为聚集形式的能力。缺乏交叉β结构的聚集体也具有相同的特征，这些聚集体通常被称为“淀粉样蛋白样”并合并为一组，尽管它们非常多样化。我们已经收集并系统化了超过 200 种已知淀粉样蛋白和类淀粉样蛋白的特性，重点是相互矛盾的例子。特别是，无膜细胞器中的许多蛋白质形成具有交叉β结构的聚集体，在形态上与其他淀粉样蛋白无法区分，但它们可以在洗涤剂存在下溶解，这对于淀粉样蛋白来说是不典型的。这种悖论意味着需要澄清术语淀粉样蛋白的现有定义。另一方面，淀粉样蛋白聚集体的结构多样性表明它们分类的必要性。