Seed traits present important breeding targets for enhancing grain yield and quality in various grain legume crops including pigeonpea. The present study reports significant genetic variation for six seed traits including seed length (SL), seed width (SW), seed thickness (ST), seed weight (SWT), electrical conductivity (EC) and water uptake (WU) among Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh acc. ICPL 20340 and Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars acc. ICP 15739 and an F2 population derived from this interspecific cross. Maximum phenotypic values recorded for the F2 population were higher than observed in the parent ICPL 20340 [F2 max vs ICPL 20340: SW (7.05 vs 5.38), ST (4.63 vs 4.51), EC (65.17 vs 9.72), WU (213.17 vs 109.5)], which suggested contribution of positive alleles from the wild parent, ICP 15739. Concurrently, to identify the QTL controlling these seed traits, we assayed two parents and 94 F2 individuals with 113 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In the F2 population, 98 of the 113 SSRs showed Mendelian segregation ratio 1:2:1, whereas significant deviations were observed for 15 SSRs with their χ² values ranging between 6.26 and 20.62. A partial genetic linkage map comprising 83 SSR loci was constructed. QTL analysis identified 15 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for seed traits on four linkage groups i.e. LG01, LG02, LG04 and LG05. Phenotypic variations (PVs) explained by these QTL ranged from 4.4 (WU) to 19.91% (EC). These genomic regions contributing significantly towards observed variability of seed traits would serve as potential candidates for future research that aims to improve seed traits in pigeonpea.

种子性状是提高包括木豆在内的各种豆类粮食作物的粮食产量和质量的重要育种目标。目前的研究报告了木豆六种种子性状的显着遗传变异，包括种子长度（SL）、种子宽度（SW）、种子厚度（ST）、种子重量（SWT）、电导率（EC）和吸水量（WU）。(L.) Millspaugh 符合。ICPL 20340 和Cajanus Scarabaeoides(L.) Thouars acc。ICP 15739 和从这个种间杂交衍生的 F2 种群。F2 群体记录的最大表型值高于在母体 ICPL 20340 中观察到的值 [F2 最大值 vs ICPL 20340：SW (7.05 vs 5.38)、ST (4.63 vs 4.51)、EC (65.17 vs 9.72)、WU (213.15 vs 10) )]，这表明来自野生亲本 ICP 15739 的阳性等位基因的贡献。同时，为了鉴定控制这些种子性状的 QTL，我们用 113 个多态性简单序列重复 (SSR) 标记分析了两个亲本和 94 个 F2 个体。在F2群体中，113个SSR 98表明孟德尔分离比为1：2：1，而观察到15个SSR与其显著偏差χ ²值介于 6.26 和 20.62 之间。构建了包含 83 个 SSR 位点的部分遗传连锁图谱。QTL 分析确定了四个连锁群（即LG01、LG02、LG04 和LG05）上种子性状的15 个标记性状关联（MTA）。由这些 QTL 解释的表型变异 (PV) 范围从 4.4 (WU) 到 19.91% (EC)。这些基因组区域对观察到的种子性状变异性有显着贡献，将成为未来旨在改善木豆种子性状的研究的潜在候选者。