The potential for simultaneously incorporating nano-copper oxide (CuO) while synthesizing phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin using different concentrations of cupric chloride (CuCl2) was studied. Curing kinetics, resin morphology, as well as physical and mechanical properties of oriented strand boards produced using the modified PF resin were evaluated. Nano-CuO showed a positive effect on the PF resin curing reactions that was characterized by a significant decrease in the activation energy within conversion degree of 65%. X-ray photoelectron spectrometric analysis showed that bivalent CuO was present in the modified PF resin. Laser scattering particle analysis showed that more than 40% of CuO was in the nanoparticle range. Four types of nano-CuO crystal structures were observed. Incorporation of nano-CuO derived from a 40% concentration of CuCl2 into the PF resin gave a 74% increase in perpendicular MOR. 2-h thickness swelling of PCu-0.5 was improved significantly. The findings of this work have potential application to the engineered wood composites manufacturing.

中文翻译：

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酚醛树脂粘合剂中纳米氧化铜的制备：氯化铜浓度对树脂性能的影响

研究了在使用不同浓度的氯化铜 (CuCl2) 合成酚醛 (PF) 树脂的同时掺入纳米氧化铜 (CuO) 的潜力。对使用改性 PF 树脂生产的定向刨花板的固化动力学、树脂形态以及物理和机械性能进行了评估。纳米 CuO 对 PF 树脂固化反应具有积极影响，其特征是在 65% 的转化率内活化能显着降低。X 射线光电子能谱分析表明，改性 PF 树脂中存在二价 CuO。激光散射颗粒分析表明，超过 40% 的 CuO 处于纳米颗粒范围内。观察到四种类型的纳米CuO晶体结构。将源自 40% 浓度 CuCl2 的纳米 CuO 引入 PF 树脂后，垂直 MOR 增加了 74%。PCu-0.5 的 2 小时厚度溶胀得到显着改善。这项工作的发现对工程木材复合材料的制造具有潜在的应用价值。