Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is now affected by several diseases caused by both viruses and fungi. At present, leaf blight is considered a major threat to cardamom cultivation in Sikkim. During the past two decades, cultivation of the crop in this region has dropped by almost 60%. Hence, to quantify the severity of leaf blight damage and identification of the causal organism for the disease, a survey was conducted from May to August 2017 in different large cardamom growing regions of Sikkim. During this survey, a typical symptom of leaf blight was observed on cardamom leaves in many locations. The leaves with blights were collected, surface sterilized, and inoculated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). The pathogen was isolated as pure culture, and on the basis of morphological and microscopic characteristics, the fungus was identified species of Curvularia. Molecular characterization of the fungal isolate with ITS-rDNA partial gene amplification using universal primers (ITS4 and ITS5), showed 100% similarity with Curvularia eragrostidis (family: Pleosporaceae). The fungal isolate and nucleotide sequence was deposited in National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Pune and NCBI with accession numbers NFCCI 4541 and MN710527, respectively. This is the first report on the occurrence of C. eragrostidis pathogen causing leaf blight of large cardamom grown in Sikkim.

中文翻译：

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Curvulariaeragrostidis，一种对大豆蔻（Amomum subulatum Roxb.）的新威胁，导致锡金叶枯病

大豆蔻（Amomum subulatum Roxb.）现在受到病毒和真菌引起的几种疾病的影响。目前，叶枯病被认为是锡金豆蔻种植的主要威胁。在过去的 20 年中，该地区的作物种植量下降了近 60%。因此，为了量化叶枯病损害的严重程度并确定该病的致病微生物，于 2017 年 5 月至 2017 年 8 月在锡金不同的大豆蔻种植区进行了一项调查。在这次调查中，在许多地方的豆蔻叶子上观察到了典型的叶枯病症状。收集枯萎病的叶子，表面消毒，并接种在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）上。病原体分离为纯培养物，并根据形态学和显微特征，该真菌被鉴定为弯孢菌属。使用通用引物（ITS4 和 ITS5）通过 ITS-rDNA 部分基因扩增对真菌分离物进行的分子表征显示，与 Curvulariaeragrostidis（家族：Pleosporaceae）具有 100% 的相似性。真菌分离物和核苷酸序列分别保藏在印度国家真菌培养物保藏中心 (NFCI)、浦那和 NCBI，保藏号分别为 NFCCI 4541 和 MN710527。这是关于导致锡金生长的大豆蔻叶枯病的 C.eragrostidis 病原体的首次报告。真菌分离物和核苷酸序列分别保藏在印度国家真菌培养物保藏中心 (NFCI)、浦那和 NCBI，保藏号分别为 NFCCI 4541 和 MN710527。这是关于导致锡金生长的大豆蔻叶枯病的 C.eragrostidis 病原体的首次报告。真菌分离物和核苷酸序列分别保藏在印度国家真菌培养物保藏中心 (NFCI)、浦那和 NCBI，保藏号分别为 NFCCI 4541 和 MN710527。这是关于导致锡金生长的大豆蔻叶枯病的 C.eragrostidis 病原体的首次报告。