Actions of Cannabis sativa L. fixed oil and nano-emulsion on venom-induced inflammation of Bothrops moojeni snake in rats.,Inflammopharmacology

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Actions of Cannabis sativa L. fixed oil and nano-emulsion on venom-induced inflammation of Bothrops moojeni snake in rats.
Inflammopharmacology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 , DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00754-y
Helison de Oliveira Carvalho _{1,

2} , Danna Emanuelle Santos Gonçalves ₁ , Karyny Roberta Tavares Picanço ₁ , Abrahão Victor Tavares de Lima Teixeira Dos Santos ₁ , Maria Lucia ₃ , Xuebo Hu ₄ , Caio Pinho Fernandes _{1,

2,

5} , Irlon Maciel Ferreira _{2,

6} , José Carlos Tavares Carvalho _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Background

Bothrops moojeni snake venom (VBm) has toxins that cause pronounced tissue damage and exacerbated inflammatory reaction. Cannabis sativa L. is a plant species that produces an oil (CSO) rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Nano-emulsions have several advantages, such as better stability and higher penetrating power in membranes. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of a nano-emulsion based on this herbal derivative (NCS) against VBm-induced inflammation in Wistar rats.

Methods

The CSO and NCS were submitted to physicochemical characterization. The inflammatory process was induced by the VBm (0.10 mg/kg) as follows: rat paw edema, peritonitis, analysis of leukocyte infiltrate in gastrocnemius muscle of rats and formation of granulomatous tissue.

Results

No significant changes were observed when the NCS was submitted to the centrifugation and thermal stress tests. There was no phase separation, changes in density (0.978 ± 0.01 g/cm³) and viscosity (0.889 ± 0.15). The droplet diameter ranged from 119.7 ± 065 to 129.3 ± 0.15 nm and the polydispersity index ranged from 0.22 ± 0.008 to 0.23 ± 0.011. The results showed that treatments with CSO (200 and 400 mg/kg) and NCS (100 mg/kg) were able to decrease significantly (p < 0.001) the formation of edema and granulomatous tissue. The CSO and NCS groups significantly attenuated (p < 0.001) the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the tests for peritonitis and leukocyte infiltrate. The histopathological analysis of the gastrocnemius muscle showed a reduction in tissue damage caused by VBm.

Conclusion

The results obtained in this study showed anti-inflammatory activity of the CSO which may be due to a high UFA content. The nanosizing, as evidenced by the incorporation of the CSO in the NCS improved the effect and opens the perspective for the obtainment of a nanomedicine in which a kinetic stable phytotherapic can be used at low doses.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

Cannabis sativa L. 固定油和纳米乳剂对大鼠 Bothrops moojeni 蛇毒液诱导炎症的作用。

背景

Bothrops moojeni蛇毒 (VBm) 含有毒素，会导致明显的组织损伤并加剧炎症反应。Cannabis sativa L. 是一种植物物种，可产生富含不饱和脂肪酸的油 (CSO)。纳米乳液有几个优点，例如更好的稳定性和更高的膜渗透能力。因此，本研究评估了基于这种草药衍生物 (NCS) 的纳米乳剂对 VBm 诱导的 Wistar 大鼠炎症的作用。

方法

对 CSO 和 NCS 进行物理化学表征。炎症过程由 VBm (0.10 mg/kg) 诱导如下：大鼠爪水肿、腹膜炎、大鼠腓肠肌中白细胞浸润的分析和肉芽肿组织的形成。

结果

当 NCS 进行离心和热应力测试时，没有观察到显着变化。没有相分离、密度 (0.978 ± 0.01 g/cm ³ ) 和粘度 (0.889 ± 0.15) 的变化。液滴直径范围为 119.7 ± 065 至 129.3 ± 0.15 nm，多分散指数范围为 0.22 ± 0.008 至 0.23 ± 0.011。结果表明，用 CSO（200 和 400 mg/kg）和 NCS（100 mg/kg）处理能够显着减少（p < 0.001）水肿和肉芽肿组织的形成。CSO 和 NCS 组显着减弱（p < 0.001) 腹膜炎和白细胞浸润试验中炎症细胞的募集。腓肠肌的组织病理学分析显示由 VBm 引起的组织损伤减少。