Osteoconductive biomaterials were used to find the most reliable materials in bone healing. Our focus was on the bone healing capacity of the stem cell-loaded and unloaded PLA/PCL/HA scaffolds. The 3D scaffold of PLA/PCL/HA was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rheology, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) have multipotential differentiation into osteoblasts. Forty Wistar male rats were used to organize four experimental groups: control, autograft, scaffold, and BMSCs-loaded scaffold groups. qRT-PCR showed that the BMSCs-loaded scaffold had a higher expression level of CD31 and osteogenic markers compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Radiology and computed tomography (CT) scan evaluations showed significant improvement in the BMSCs-loaded scaffold compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Biomechanical estimation demonstrated significantly higher stress (P < 0.01), stiffness (P < 0.001), and ultimate load (P < 0.01) in the autograft and BMSCs-loaded scaffold groups compared with the untreated group and higher strain was seen in the control group than the other groups (P < 0.01). Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical (IHC) investigations showed significantly improved regeneration scores in the autograft and BMSCs-loaded scaffold groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the scaffold and control groups in all tests (P < 0.05). The results depicted that our novel approach will allow to develop PLA/PCL/HA 3D scaffold in bone healing via BMSC loading.

中文翻译：

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骨 1 干细胞接种 3D 聚乳酸/聚己内酯/羟基磷灰石支架对大鼠临界尺寸桡骨缺损的作用


骨传导生物材料用于寻找骨愈合中最可靠的材料。我们的重点是加载干细胞和卸载干细胞的 PLA/PCL/HA 支架的骨愈合能力。通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、流变学、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR) 光谱对 PLA/PCL/HA 的 3D 支架进行了表征。骨髓干细胞（BMSC）具有向成骨细胞分化的多能性。 40只Wistar雄性大鼠被用来组织四个实验组：对照组、自体移植物组、支架组和负载BMSCs的支架组。 qRT-PCR显示，与对照组相比，BMSCs负载支架的CD31和成骨标志物表达水平较高（P < 0.05）。放射学和计算机断层扫描 (CT) 扫描评估显示，与对照组相比，装载 BMSC 的支架有显着改善 (P < 0.001)。生物力学估计表明，与未治疗组相比，自体移植物和加载 BMSC 的支架组的应力 (P < 0.01)、刚度 (P < 0.001) 和极限载荷 (P < 0.01) 显着更高，对照组的应变更高高于其他组（P < 0.01）。组织形态计量学和免疫组织化学 (IHC) 研究显示，与对照组相比，自体移植物和 BMSC 负载支架组的再生评分显着改善（P < 0.05）。此外，在所有测试中支架组和对照组之间均存在显着差异（P < 0.05）。结果表明，我们的新方法将允许通过 BMSC 加载开发用于骨愈合的 PLA/PCL/HA 3D 支架。