Abstract

History of the development and use of homogeneous metal complex catalysts in the chemistry of acetylene and its derivatives is considered. Achievements of the catalytic chemistry of alkynes in the creation of affective catalytic systems (based on Groups 3—11 and 13 of the Periodic Table) for alkyne dimerization, capable of producing desired dimeric isomers possessing high chemo-, stereo- and regioselectivity are analyzed. The nature of elementary stages in four mechanisms of dimerization and the relations of the nature of organometallic intermediates to the nature of catalyst (metal and ligand), substrate, and type of mechanism, and, hence, to the selectivity of dimerization process are discussed.

中文翻译：

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炔烃均相催化化学的“黄金时代”：炔烃的二聚和低聚

摘要

考虑了在乙炔及其衍生物的化学中均相金属络合物催化剂的开发和使用的历史。分析了炔烃催化化学在创建情感催化体系（基于元素周期表的第3-11和13组）中的炔烃二聚化方面的成就，该体系能够产生具有高化学，立体和区域选择性的所需二聚异构体。讨论了二聚化的四种机理中基本阶段的性质以及有机金属中间体的性质与催化剂（金属和配体）的性质，底物和机理类型之间的关系，以及由此对二聚化过程的选择性的影响。