A paper-based device for the colorimetric determination of ammonia and carbon dioxide using thiomalic acid and maltol functionalized silver nanoparticles: application to the enzymatic determination of urea in saliva and blood,Microchimica Acta

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A paper-based device for the colorimetric determination of ammonia and carbon dioxide using thiomalic acid and maltol functionalized silver nanoparticles: application to the enzymatic determination of urea in saliva and blood
Microchimica Acta ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-12 , DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04553-8
Azarmidokht Sheini ₁

Affiliation

A colorimetric assay was developed which has the capability of determining urea in biological samples. It is an origami paper-based sensor consisting of silver nanoparticles that were synthesized by using two different capping agents: thiomalic acid and maltol. The function of the assay relied on hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide in the presence of urease. The products interacted with nanoparticles which caused aggregation. Interestingly, thiomalic acid capped with silver nanoparticles were selective to ammonia, and the other nanoparticles synthesized by maltol responded to carbon dioxide. These interactions turned the color of nanoparticles from yellow to brown and red, respectively. The resulting colorations were captured by a floatable scanner. A routine image analysis software was utilized to provide the response of the assays. The method was applied to individually determine ammonia, carbon dioxide, and urea. The linear range was 0.06 mg.dL−1-170.0 mg.dL−1 for ammonia, 0.08 mg.dL−1-220.0 mg.dL−1 for carbon dioxide, and 0.5 mg.dL−1-200.0 mg.dL−1 for urea. The respective limits of detection were 0.03 mg.dL−1, 0.06 mg.dL−1, and 0.18 mg.dL−1. No interferences were found in the detremination of urea. The method demonstrates a reliable performance for determination of urea in both saliva and blood samples. Graphical Abstract Schematic representation of paper based colorimetric sensor based on silver nanoparticles for both qualitative and quantitative analyses of urea in biological samples. Schematic representation of paper based colorimetric sensor based on silver nanoparticles for both qualitative and quantitative analyses of urea in biological samples.

中文翻译：

使用硫代苹果酸和麦芽酚官能化的银纳米粒子比色测定氨和二氧化碳的纸基装置：应用于唾液和血液中尿素的酶法测定

开发了一种比色测定法，它具有测定生物样品中尿素的能力。它是一种折纸纸基传感器，由使用两种不同的封端剂合成的银纳米颗粒组成：硫代苹果酸和麦芽酚。该测定的功能依赖于尿素在尿素酶存在下水解成氨和二氧化碳。产物与引起聚集的纳米颗粒相互作用。有趣的是，用银纳米粒子包覆的硫代苹果酸对氨有选择性，而由麦芽酚合成的其他纳米粒子对二氧化碳有反应。这些相互作用使纳米颗粒的颜色分别从黄色变为棕色和红色。由此产生的着色由可漂浮的扫描仪捕获。使用常规图像分析软件来提供测定的响应。该方法用于单独测定氨、二氧化碳和尿素。氨的线性范围为 0.06 mg.dL-1-170.0 mg.dL-1、二氧化碳的 0.08 mg.dL-1-220.0 mg.dL-1 和 0.5 mg.dL-1-200.0 mg.dL- 1 为尿素。各自的检测限为 0.03 mg.dL-1、0.06 mg.dL-1 和 0.18 mg.dL-1。尿素的测定未发现干扰。该方法证明了测定唾液和血液样品中尿素的可靠性能。图形摘要基于银纳米颗粒的纸基比色传感器的示意图，用于生物样品中尿素的定性和定量分析。基于银纳米颗粒的纸基比色传感器的示意图，用于生物样品中尿素的定性和定量分析。

更新日期：2020-09-12

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