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Motile cilia genetics and cell biology: big results from little mice.
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03633-5
Lance Lee 1, 2 , Lawrence E Ostrowski 3
Affiliation  

Our understanding of motile cilia and their role in disease has increased tremendously over the last two decades, with critical information and insight coming from the analysis of mouse models. Motile cilia form on specific epithelial cell types and typically beat in a coordinated, whip-like manner to facilitate the flow and clearance of fluids along the cell surface. Defects in formation and function of motile cilia result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a genetically heterogeneous disorder with a well-characterized phenotype but no effective treatment. A number of model systems, ranging from unicellular eukaryotes to mammals, have provided information about the genetics, biochemistry, and structure of motile cilia. However, with remarkable resources available for genetic manipulation and developmental, pathological, and physiological analysis of phenotype, the mouse has risen to the forefront of understanding mammalian motile cilia and modeling PCD. This is evidenced by a large number of relevant mouse lines and an extensive body of genetic and phenotypic data. More recently, application of innovative cell biological techniques to these models has enabled substantial advancement in elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the biogenesis and function of mammalian motile cilia. In this article, we will review genetic and cell biological studies of motile cilia in mouse models and their contributions to our understanding of motile cilia and PCD pathogenesis.



中文翻译:

运动纤毛遗传学和细胞生物学:小老鼠的大成果。

在过去的二十年里,我们对运动纤毛及其在疾病中的作用的理解有了很大的提高,关键信息和洞察力来自对小鼠模型的分析。活动纤毛在特定的上皮细胞类型上形成,通常以协调的鞭状方式跳动,以促进液体沿细胞表面流动和清除。运动纤毛的形成和功能缺陷导致原发性纤毛运动障碍 (PCD),这是一种遗传异质性疾病,具有良好表征的表型,但没有有效的治疗方法。许多模型系统,从单细胞真核生物到哺乳动物,都提供了有关运动纤毛的遗传学、生物化学和结构的信息。然而,由于可用于遗传操作和发育、病理、和生理表型分析,小鼠已上升到了解哺乳动物运动纤毛和建模 PCD 的前沿。大量相关的小鼠品系和大量的遗传和表型数据证明了这一点。最近,将创新的细胞生物学技术应用于这些模型,在阐明哺乳动物运动纤毛的生物发生和功能的分子和细胞机制方面取得了实质性进展。在本文中,我们将回顾小鼠模型中运动纤毛的遗传和细胞生物学研究,以及它们对我们理解运动纤毛和 PCD 发病机制的贡献。大量相关的小鼠品系和大量的遗传和表型数据证明了这一点。最近,将创新的细胞生物学技术应用于这些模型,在阐明哺乳动物运动纤毛的生物发生和功能的分子和细胞机制方面取得了实质性进展。在本文中,我们将回顾小鼠模型中运动纤毛的遗传和细胞生物学研究,以及它们对我们理解运动纤毛和 PCD 发病机制的贡献。大量相关的小鼠品系和大量的遗传和表型数据证明了这一点。最近,将创新的细胞生物学技术应用于这些模型,在阐明哺乳动物运动纤毛的生物发生和功能的分子和细胞机制方面取得了实质性进展。在本文中,我们将回顾小鼠模型中运动纤毛的遗传和细胞生物学研究,以及它们对我们理解运动纤毛和 PCD 发病机制的贡献。

更新日期:2020-09-11
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