With ethyl orthosilicate as precursor and trimethylchlorosilane as surface modifier, hydrophobic SiO₂ aerogels are prepared through sol–gel process combined with ambient pressure drying process. The influence law of different hydrolysis times on microstructure and physicochemical properties of aerogels when the reaction precursor is in the sol phase is studied. The results show that the hydrolysis time increases from 6 to 36 h, and the prepared aerogels have nanoscale mesoporous structure and hydrophobic properties. With the increase in hydrolysis time, the porosity and specific surface area of the samples increase and then decrease, and the density decreases and then increases, all of which reach their peaks at 18 h. The properties of samples are optimal after being hydrolyzed for 18 h. The prosperity is 96%, specific area is 1539.7706 m²/g, the density is 0.08921 g/cm³, and the contact angle is 148.3°.

以原硅酸乙酯为前体，三甲基氯硅烷为表面改性剂，疏水性SiO ₂气凝胶是通过溶胶-凝胶工艺与常压干燥工艺相结合而制备的。研究了反应前驱体处于溶胶相时不同水解时间对气凝胶微观结构和理化性质的影响规律。结果表明，水解时间从6 h增加到36 h，制备的气凝胶具有纳米级的介孔结构和疏水性。随着水解时间的增加，样品的孔隙率和比表面积先升高后降低，密度先降低后升高，所有这些均在18 h达到峰值。水解18小时后，样品的性能最佳。繁荣度为96％，比表面积为1539.7706 m ² / g，密度为0.08921 g / cm ³，接触角为148.3°。