Abstract

The present article reports on an analysis of the properties that gamma-ray families featuring a halo exhibit in the cores of extensive air showers (EAS). The events under analysis were obtained in the XREC (x-ray emulsion chambers) PAMIR experiment, and the properties of these events were studied at distances extending up to about 10 cm from the EAS axis with a resolution of approximately 30 \(\mu\)m. The investigation of the parameters of events in EAS cores by the halo method permitted analyzing the mass composition of primary cosmic radiation (PCR) at \(E_{0}=10\) PeV and assessing the fraction of light nuclei in PCR, which depend only slightly on the model of EAS propagation through the atmosphere. From an analysis of gamma-ray families featuring a halo and multicenter halos obtained in the PAMIR XREC, it was found that the fraction of the (\(p+\textrm{He}\)) component of PCR was about 40\({\%}\). The properties of proton-induced EAS events detected at the Tien-Shan high-mountain Scientific Station (TShSS) were studied along with the KASCADE-Grande experimental data. On the basis of studying the dependence of the EAS age and \(N_{\mu}\) on \(N_{e}\) in the TShSS EAS (EAS \(+\) XREC TShSS) data, it is concluded that PCR mass composition becomes heavier in the range of \(E_{0}=1\)–100 PeV.

中文翻译：

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根据伽玛估算主要宇宙辐射的质量组成中的$$ \ boldsymbol {p + \ textrm {He}} $$分数的能量范围$$ \ boldsymbol {E_ {0} = 1} $$-100 PeV -带有光环的雷家族

摘要

本文报告了对在大量空气淋浴（EAS）的核心中具有晕圈的伽马射线族的特性进行分析的报告。在XREC（X射线乳剂舱）PAMIR实验中获得了所分析的事件，并在距EAS轴约10 cm的距离上研究了这些事件的特性，其分辨率约为30μm 。 ）米 通过光晕法研究EAS核心事件的参数，可以分析\（E_ {0} = 10 \）下的主要宇宙辐射（PCR）的质量组成PeV和评估PCR中轻核的比例，这仅略微取决于EAS通过大气传播的模型。通过对在PAMIR XREC中获得的具有晕圈和多中心晕圈的伽马射线族的分析，发现PCR的（\（p + \ textrm {He} \））成分的比例约为40 \（{ ％} \）。研究了在天山高山科学站（TShSS）上检测到的质子诱导EAS事件的性质以及KASCADE-Grande实验数据。在研究TShSS EAS（EAS \（+ \）中EAS年龄和\（N _ {\ mu} \）对\（N_ {e} \）的依赖性的基础上XREC TShSS）数据得出的结论是，PCR质量组成在\（E_ {0} = 1 \）– 100 PeV的范围内变重。