Sliding friction causes significant structural transformations in the subsurface layers of interacting materials. These changes are associated with complicated mechanochemical processes which include but not limited to plastic flow, refinement of structure, increase of dislocation density, oxidation, delamination and formation of wear debris. In this study we attempted to observe some of these processes using synchrotron X-ray diffraction using operando and ex situ approaches. For this reason a special friction tester was used, which allows probing the surface layer of the sample using X-ray microbeam. The research was carried out at Beamline ID13 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The as-quenched medium-carbon steel AISI-5135 was used in experiments. The effect of friction on X-ray line broadening, texturing and formation of iron oxides was analysed and discussed.

中文翻译：

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同步辐射研究马氏体钢在干滑动摩擦过程中的结构演变

滑动摩擦会导致相互作用材料的地下层发生显着的结构转变。这些变化与复杂的机械化学过程有关，包括但不限于塑性流动、结构细化、位错密度增加、氧化、分层和磨屑形成。在这项研究中，我们尝试使用原位和非原位方法使用同步加速器 X 射线衍射来观察其中一些过程。出于这个原因，使用了一种特殊的摩擦测试仪，它允许使用 X 射线微束探测样品的表面层。该研究是在欧洲同步加速器辐射设施的光束线 ID13 上进行的。实验中使用了淬火状态的中碳钢 AISI-5135。摩擦对 X 射线线展宽的影响，