Micro/nanostructures play a key role in tuning the radiative properties of materials and have been applied to high-temperature energy conversion systems for improved performance. Among the various radiative properties, spectral emittance is of integral importance for the design and analysis of materials that function as radiative absorbers or emitters. This paper presents an overview of the spectral emittance measurement techniques using both the direct and indirect methods. Besides, several micro/nanostructures are also introduced, and a special emphasis is placed on the emissometers developed for characterizing engineered micro/nanostructures in high-temperature applications (e.g., solar energy conversion and thermophotovoltaic devices). In addition, both experimental facilities and measured results for different materials are summarized. Furthermore, future prospects in developing instrumentation and micro/nanostructured surfaces for practical applications are also outlined. This paper provides a comprehensive source of information for the application of micro/nanostructures in high-temperature energy conversion engineering.

微米/纳米结构在调节材料的辐射特性中起着关键作用，并且已被应用于高温能量转换系统以提高性能。在各种辐射特性中，光谱发射率对于设计和分析用作辐射吸收器或发射器的材料至关重要。本文概述了使用直接和间接方法的光谱发射率测量技术。此外，还介绍了几种微/纳米结构，并特别强调了为表征高温应用（例如，太阳能转换和热光伏设备）中的工程微/纳米结构而开发的发射仪。此外，还总结了不同材料的实验设施和测量结果。此外，还概述了开发用于实际应用的仪器和微/纳米结构表面的未来前景。本文为微观/纳米结构在高温能量转换工程中的应用提供了全面的信息来源。