In survival analysis, data are frequently collected by some complex sampling schemes, e.g., length biased sampling, case-cohort sampling and so on. In this paper, we consider the additive hazards model for the general biased survival data. A simple and unified estimating equation method is developed to estimate the regression parameters and baseline hazard function. The asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are also derived. Furthermore, to check the adequacy of the fitted model with general biased survival data, we present a test statistic based on the cumulative sum of the martingale-type residuals. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of proposed methods, and applications to the shrub and Welsh Nickel Refiners datasets are given to illustrate the methodology.

在生存分析中，经常通过一些复杂的采样方案来收集数据，例如，长度偏倚采样，病例组采样等等。在本文中，我们考虑一般偏向生存数据的加性危害模型。开发了一种简单统一的估计方程方法来估计回归参数和基线危害函数。还推导了所得估计量的渐近性质。此外，为了检查具有一般偏差的生存数据的拟合模型的适当性，我们提出了基于the型残差的累积和的检验统计量。进行仿真研究以评估所提出方法的性能，并给出了在灌木和威尔士镍精炼机数据集上的应用以说明该方法。