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Human thermal sensation over a mountainous area, revealed by the application of ANNs: the case of Ainos Mt., Kefalonia Island, Greece
International Journal of Biometeorology ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s00484-020-01993-y
Stelios Maniatis 1 , Panagiotis T Nastos 2 , Kostas Moustris 3 , Iliana D Polychroni 2 , Athanasios Kamoutsis 1
Affiliation  

Mt. Ainos in Kefalonia Island, Greece, hosts a large variety of plant species, some of them endemic to the region. Because of its rich biodiversity, a large portion of the mountain area is designated as National Park and is protected from human activities such as hunting or logging. Therefore, the area presents a lot of opportunities for ecotourist activities, such as trekking, birdwatching, and mountain climbing. In order to estimate its touristic activities potential, it is essential to assess the mountain’s biometeorological conditions. To achieve that, the human thermal index PET (physiologically equivalent temperature) was used, which is based on a human energy balance model. However, it is difficult to get the specific meteorological data over mountainous areas (air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and global solar radiation), appropriate as input variables for PET modeling. In order to overcome this limitation, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were developed for the estimation of PET index in ten sites within the Ainos National Park. In the process, the spatiotemporal distributions of the PET thermal index were illustrated, taking into consideration the ANN modeling. The findings of the performed analysis shed light that Mt. Ainos offers the greatest touristic opportunities from May to September, when thermal comfort conditions appear. The study also proves that the highest frequency of thermal comfort appears within the aforementioned time period over the highest altitudes, while on the contrary, slightly warm class appears as the altitude decreases on both sides of the mountain.

中文翻译:

人工神经网络应用揭示的山区人类热感觉:以希腊凯法利尼亚岛艾诺斯山为例

公吨。希腊凯法利尼亚岛的艾诺斯拥有种类繁多的植物物种,其中一些是该地区特有的。由于其丰富的生物多样性,大部分山区被指定为国家公园,并保护其免受狩猎或伐木等人类活动的影响。因此,该地区为生态旅游活动提供了很多机会,例如徒步旅行、观鸟和登山。为了估计其旅游活动的潜力,必须评估该山的生物气象条件。为了实现这一目标,使用了基于人体能量平衡模型的人体热指数 PET(生理等效温度)。但是,很难获得山区的具体气象数据(气温、湿度、风速和全球太阳辐射),适合作为 PET 建模的输入变量。为了克服这一限制,开发了人工神经网络 (ANN) 来估计艾诺斯国家公园内 10 个地点的 PET 指数。在此过程中,考虑到 ANN 建模,说明了 PET 热指数的时空分布。执行分析的结果表明 Mt. 艾诺斯在 5 月至 9 月期间提供最大的旅游机会,此时热舒适条件出现。研究还证明,在上述时间段内,海拔最高的热舒适度出现频率最高,而相反,随着海拔降低,山两侧出现微暖等级。人工神经网络 (ANN) 被开发用于估计艾诺斯国家公园内十个地点的 PET 指数。在此过程中,考虑到 ANN 建模,说明了 PET 热指数的时空分布。执行分析的结果表明 Mt. 艾诺斯在 5 月至 9 月期间提供最大的旅游机会,此时热舒适条件出现。研究还证明,在上述时间段内,海拔最高的热舒适度出现频率最高,而相反,随着海拔降低,山两侧出现微暖等级。人工神经网络 (ANN) 被开发用于估计艾诺斯国家公园内十个地点的 PET 指数。在此过程中,考虑到 ANN 建模,说明了 PET 热指数的时空分布。执行分析的结果表明 Mt. 艾诺斯在 5 月至 9 月期间提供最大的旅游机会,此时热舒适条件出现。研究还证明,在上述时间段内,海拔最高的热舒适度出现频率最高,而相反,随着海拔降低,山两侧出现微暖等级。考虑到 ANN 建模,说明了 PET 热指数的时空分布。执行分析的结果表明 Mt. 艾诺斯在 5 月至 9 月期间提供最大的旅游机会,此时热舒适条件出现。研究还证明,在上述时间段内,海拔最高的热舒适度出现频率最高,而相反,随着海拔降低,山脉两侧出现微暖等级。考虑到 ANN 建模,说明了 PET 热指数的时空分布。执行分析的结果表明 Mt. 艾诺斯在 5 月至 9 月期间提供最大的旅游机会,此时热舒适条件出现。研究还证明,在上述时间段内,海拔最高的热舒适度出现频率最高,而相反,随着海拔降低,山两侧出现微暖等级。
更新日期:2020-08-28
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