Organoid technologies enable the creation of in vitro physiologic systems that model tissues of origin more accurately than classical culture approaches. Seminal characteristics of these systems, including three-dimensional structure and recapitulation of self-renewal, differentiation and disease pathology, render organoids eminently suited as hybrids that combine the experimental tractability of traditional two-dimensional cell lines with cellular attributes of in vivo model systems. Here we describe recent advances in this rapidly evolving field and their application to cancer biology, clinical translation and precision medicine.

中文翻译：

---

类器官在癌症生物学和精准医学中的应用

类器官技术能够创建比经典培养方法更准确地模拟起源组织的体外生理系统。这些系统的开创性特征，包括三维结构和自我更新、分化和疾病病理学的概括，使得类器官非常适合作为混合体，将传统二维细胞系的实验易处理性与体内模型系统的细胞属性相结合。在这里，我们描述了这一快速发展领域的最新进展及其在癌症生物学、临床转化和精准医学中的应用。