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Unveiling of active diazotrophs in a flooded rice soil by combination of NanoSIMS and 15N2-DNA-stable isotope probing
Biology and Fertility of Soils ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 , DOI: 10.1007/s00374-020-01497-2
Xiaojie Wang , Qicheng Bei , Wei Yang , Heng Zhang , Jialong Hao , Li Qian , Yucheng Feng , Zubin Xie

The biological nitrogen fixation in planted and nonplanted paddy soils was quantified using a chamber-based 15N2-labeling technique, and the active diazotrophs of soil were assessed by 15N2-DNA-stable isotope probing (SIP). In addition, the nanometer scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) was applied to analysis the 15N-enrichment of soil DNA in SIP fractions. 15N2-labeling experiment showed that BNF was 11.33 ± 1.90 kg N ha−1 in the rice-planted soil and 3.55 ± 1.18 kg N ha−1 in the nonplanted soil after 28-day labeling. The biologically fixed 15N was mainly (> 95%) recovered in the surface layer (0–0.5 cm) in the rice-planted soil. High throughput sequencing of nifH genes extracted from surface soil showed that the presence of rice affected the community composition of diazotrophs. The relative abundance of Nostocales and Stigonematales was significantly higher in rice-planted soil than in nonplanted soil (P < 0.05). After CsCl gradient ultracentrifugation, NanoSIMS images clearly showed that 15N was incorporated into soil DNA in the 15N2-labeling SIP gradient fractions. Analyses of nifH genes in 15N-enriched SIP gradient fractions suggested that Nostocales and Stigonematales were the major contributors to BNF in the rice-soil system. Taken together, these results have highlighted the contributions of cyanobacteria to the BNF in paddy fields and improved our understanding of the close relationship between rice plants and cyanobacteria.

中文翻译:

通过 NanoSIMS 和 15N2-DNA 稳定同位素探测的组合揭示淹水水稻土壤中的活性固氮菌

种植和非种植水稻土壤中的生物固氮使用基于室的 15N2 标记技术进行量化,土壤的活性固氮菌通过 15N2-DNA 稳定同位素探测 (SIP) 进行评估。此外,纳米级二次离子质谱 (NanoSIMS) 用于分析 SIP 级分中土壤 DNA 的 15N 富集。15N2 标记实验表明,标记 28 天后,水稻种植土壤中的 BNF 为 11.33 ± 1.90 kg N ha-1,非种植土壤中的 BNF 为 3.55 ± 1.18 kg N ha-1。生物固定的 15N 主要(> 95%)在水稻种植土壤的表层(0-0.5 cm)中回收。从表层土壤中提取的 nifH 基因的高通量测序表明,水稻的存在影响了固氮菌的群落组成。Nostocales和Stigonematales在水稻种植土壤中的相对丰度显着高于非种植土壤(P < 0.05)。在 CsCl 梯度超速离心后,NanoSIMS 图像清楚地显示 15N 被掺入到 15N2 标记的 SIP 梯度级分中的土壤 DNA 中。对富含 15N 的 SIP 梯度组分中 nifH 基因的分析表明,Nostocales 和 Stigonematales 是水稻 - 土壤系统中 BNF 的主要贡献者。总之,这些结果突出了蓝藻对稻田 BNF 的贡献,并提高了我们对水稻植物与蓝藻之间密切关系的理解。NanoSIMS 图像清楚地表明 15N 被掺入到 15N2 标记的 SIP 梯度部分中的土壤 DNA 中。对富含 15N 的 SIP 梯度组分中 nifH 基因的分析表明,Nostocales 和 Stigonematales 是水稻 - 土壤系统中 BNF 的主要贡献者。总之,这些结果突出了蓝藻对稻田 BNF 的贡献,并提高了我们对水稻植物与蓝藻之间密切关系的理解。NanoSIMS 图像清楚地表明 15N 被掺入到 15N2 标记的 SIP 梯度部分中的土壤 DNA 中。对富含 15N 的 SIP 梯度组分中 nifH 基因的分析表明,Nostocales 和 Stigonematales 是水稻 - 土壤系统中 BNF 的主要贡献者。总之,这些结果突出了蓝藻对稻田 BNF 的贡献,并提高了我们对水稻植物与蓝藻之间密切关系的理解。
更新日期:2020-08-10
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