Advances in biochemical and molecular manipulation have led to increased biomass productivity and oil accumulation in the microalgae C. reinhardtii. However, scalable processes for the recovery of oil and other valuable biomolecules, such as protein, from C. reinhardtii are scarce. The use of aqueous enzymatic extraction, a non-solvent and environmentally friendly bioproduct recovery method, provides an opportunity to design an integrated process for oil and protein fractionation to reduce bioenergy and bioproducts costs. Based on the mechanistic understanding of biomolecule distribution and compartmentalization, an aqueous enzymatic treatment for the release of internally stored lipid bodies was designed. Application of a C. reinhardtii-produced protease, autolysin, for lysis of the microalgae cell wall was followed by a secondary treatment with trypsin for chloroplast disruption and lipid body release. Protein recovery after the primary treatment with autolysin indicated a 50.1 ± 4.2% release of total soluble protein and localization of lipid bodies still in the chloroplast. The development of a secondary enzyme treatment (trypsin) for chloroplast and lipid body lysis demonstrated a high percent of remaining lipids (73 ± 7%) released into the supernatant. The results indicate that the application of an enzymatic treatment scheme for protein and oil recovery is a promising alternative to traditional extraction processes.

中文翻译：

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微藻海藻衣藻中的水性酶蛋白和脂质释放

生化和分子调控技术的进步导致微藻C. reinhardtii中生物量的产生和油脂的积累。但是，缺乏用于从莱茵衣藻中回收油和其他有价值的生物分子（例如蛋白质）的可扩展方法。水性酶法提取是一种非溶剂型和环境友好型的生物产品回收方法，为设计油和蛋白质分馏的集成工艺提供了机会，从而降低了生物能源和生物产品的成本。基于对生物分子分布和区室化的机械理解，设计了用于内部释放脂质体释放的水性酶处理。莱茵衣藻的应用产生的蛋白酶，自溶素，用于微藻细胞壁的裂解，然后用胰蛋白酶对叶绿体破坏和脂质体释放进行二次处理。用自溶素进行初步处理后的蛋白质回收率表明，总可溶性蛋白质释放了50.1±4.2％，脂质体仍位于叶绿体中。叶绿体和脂质体溶解的二次酶处理（胰蛋白酶）的发展表明，有大量的剩余脂质（73±7％）释放到上清液中。结果表明，酶处理方案用于蛋白质和油的回收是传统提取工艺的有前途的替代方法。