Due to the increasing demand for battery raw materials such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, and lithium, the extraction of these metals not only from primary, but also from secondary sources like spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is becoming increasingly important. One possible approach for an optimized recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs is a combined pyro- and hydrometallurgical process. According to the pyrometallurgical process route, in this paper, a suitable slag design for the generation of slag enriched by lithium and mixed cobalt, nickel, and copper alloy as intermediate products in a laboratory electric arc furnace was investigated. Smelting experiments were carried out using pyrolyzed pelletized black mass, copper(II) oxide, and different quartz additions as a flux to investigate the influence on lithium-slagging. With the proposed smelting operation, lithium could be enriched with a maximum yield of 82.4% in the slag, whereas the yield for cobalt, nickel, and copper in the metal alloy was 81.6%, 93.3%, and 90.7% respectively. The slag obtained from the melting process is investigated by chemical and mineralogical characterization techniques. Hydrometallurgical treatment to recover lithium is carried out with the slag and presented in part 2.

中文翻译：

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热解法和湿法冶金相结合的方法来回收热解的锂离子电池黑块（第1部分）：电弧炉中锂精矿的生产

由于对钴，镍，锰和锂等电池原材料的需求不断增长，这些金属的提取不仅从原电池中提取，而且还从废锂离子电池（LIB）等二手来源中提取变得越来越重要。从废旧LIB中优化回收有价金属的一种可能方法是热解法和湿法冶金法相结合。根据火法冶金工艺路线，研究了一种适合于在实验室电弧炉中生成以锂和钴，镍，铜合金作为中间产品富集渣的合适渣设计。使用热解造粒的黑色团块，氧化铜（II）和不同的石英添加剂作为熔剂进行熔炼实验，以研究其对结渣的影响。通过建议的冶炼操作，可以使锂富集，渣中的最大产率为82.4％，而金属合金中钴，镍和铜的产率分别为81.6％，93.3％和90.7％。通过化学和矿物学表征技术研究了从熔融过程中获得的炉渣。用炉渣进行湿法冶金处理以回收锂，该方法在第2部分中介绍。