Geothermal energy provides an important resource in Antarctic marine ecosystems, exemplified by the recent discovery of large-sized chemosymbiotic vesicomyid bivalves (subfamily Pliocardiinae) in the Southern Ocean. These clams, which we identified as Archivesica s.l. puertodeseadoi, have been reported as dead shells in areas previously covered by Larsen A and B ice shelves (eastern Antarctic Peninsula) and as live animals from active hydrothermal sites in the Kemp Caldera (South Sandwich Arc) at depths of 852–1487 m. Before, A. puertodeseadoi was known only from its type locality in the Argentine Sea, so we considerably extend the range of the species. Observations taken by remotely operated vehicle (ROV) footage show that the clams can live buried in sediment, or epilithically on the surface of rocks in diffuse geothermal flow. Experimental respirometry was conducted at surface pressure on individual bivalves acclimated to either their habitat temperature (4 °C) or elevated temperature (10 °C). The range of standard metabolic rates, from 3.13 to 6.59 (MO2, μmol O2 h−1 g−1 dry tissue mass), is similar to rates measured ex situ for other species in this clade, and rates did not differ significantly between temperature groups. Taken together, these data indicate a range of ecophysiological flexibility for A. puertodeseadoi. Although adapted to a specialist mode of life, this bivalve exploits a relatively broad range of habitats in the Southern Ocean: within sulphidic sediments, epilithically in the presence of diffuse sulphidic flow, or in deep methane-enriched seawater trapped under ice.

中文翻译：

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南大洋共生囊壳类双壳类（Pliocardiinae）的生态生理学和生态极限

地热能是南极海洋生态系统的重要资源，最近在南大洋发现的大型化学共生双壳类（Pliocardiinae 亚科）就是例证。这些被我们确定为 Archivesica sl puertodeseadoi 的蛤蜊被报告为先前被 Larsen A 和 B 冰架（南极半岛东部）覆盖的地区的死壳，以及来自肯普火山口（南三明治弧）活跃热液区的活体动物在 852-1487 m 的深度。之前，A. puertodeseadoi 仅从其在阿根廷海的类型产地而为人所知，因此我们大大扩展了该物种的范围。遥控车 (ROV) 镜头进行的观察表明，蛤蜊可以生活在沉积物中，或在扩散地热流中附着在岩石表面。在表面压力下对适应栖息地温度 (4 °C) 或升高的温度 (10 °C) 的个体双壳类动物进行实验性呼吸测量。标准代谢率的范围，从 3.13 到 6.59（MO2，μmol O2 h−1 g−1 干组织质量），与该进化枝中其他物种的异地测量速率相似，并且速率在温度组之间没有显着差异. 综上所述，这些数据表明 A. puertodeseadoi 具有一系列生态生理灵活性。尽管适应了一种专业的生活方式，这种双壳类动物在南大洋的栖息地范围相对较广：在硫化物沉积物中，在存在扩散的硫化物流的情况下，或在冰层下富含甲烷的深层海水中。