Australia’s 2019–2020 mega-fires were exacerbated by drought, anthropogenic climate change and existing land-use management. Here, using a combination of remotely sensed data and species distribution models, we found these fires burnt ~97,000 km² of vegetation across southern and eastern Australia, which is considered habitat for 832 species of native vertebrate fauna. Seventy taxa had a substantial proportion (>30%) of habitat impacted; 21 of these were already listed as threatened with extinction. To avoid further species declines, Australia must urgently reassess the extinction vulnerability of fire-impacted species and assist the recovery of populations in both burnt and unburnt areas. Population recovery requires multipronged strategies aimed at ameliorating current and fire-induced threats, including proactively protecting unburnt habitats.

干旱，人为气候变化和现有土地利用管理加剧了澳大利亚2019-2020年的大火。在这里，结合遥感数据和物种分布模型，我们发现这些大火燃烧了约97,000 km ²遍布澳大利亚南部和东部的植被，被认为是832种本地脊椎动物的栖息地。七十个分类单元对生境的影响很大（> 30％）；其中21个已经被列为濒临灭绝的威胁。为避免物种进一步减少，澳大利亚必须紧急重新评估受火种影响的物种的灭绝脆弱性，并协助烧毁和未烧毁地区的种群恢复。人口恢复需要采取多管齐下的战略，以减轻当前和火灾引起的威胁，包括积极保护未烧毁的栖息地。