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The influence of mycorrhization on the growth of Zea mays L. and the sclerification of foliar tissues susceptible to chewing insect attacks
Brazilian Journal of Botany ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s40415-020-00621-8
Silvana Damin , Rosilaine Carrenho , Shirley Martins

The interrelationships between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plants have been the subject of numerous studies; however, whether these mutualistic associations are capable of producing structural defenses in plants for pest control remains to be determined. The present study evaluated the influence of AMF on the sclerification of foliar tissues of corn and related it to insect attack. Corn plants were grown in 5.5-L pots containing soil/sand (sterile, fertilized, pH corrected) in a greenhouse. Mycorrhized plants received propagules of native AMF; non-mycorrhized plants received soil filtrate of AMF-free soil. Some of the plants of both treatments were collected at 40 days post-emergence, while others were collected at 50 days and 60 days. Height and dry mass of the aerial part and dry mass of radicular part were evaluated. The median region of leaves of the fourth (basal) and seventh (cartridge) leaf nodes was transversally sectioned, and the sections stained, mounted in semi-permanent medium and analyzed under a microscope to measure variables related to tissue organization and sclerification. Mycorrhized plants had greater height and aerial-part dry mass. Mycorrhization influenced nine of the 15 anatomical variables analyzed with increased lignified tissue in at least one of the growth stages. It can be concluded that colonization of corn roots by AMF promotes sclerification of leaf tissues and, thus, may interfere indirectly with the plant–pest relationship by altering the quality of phytomass available for insects.

中文翻译:

菌根化对玉米生长和易受咀嚼昆虫侵袭的叶组织硬化的影响

丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 与植物之间的相互关系已成为众多研究的主题。然而,这些互利共生的联系是否能够在植物中产生用于害虫控制的结构防御仍有待确定。本研究评估了 AMF 对玉米叶组织硬化的影响,并将其与昆虫侵袭相关联。玉米植株在温室中种植在 5.5 升含有土壤/沙子(无菌、施肥、pH 校正)的盆中。菌根植物接受了天然 AMF 的繁殖体;非菌根植物接受无 AMF 土壤的土壤滤液。两种处理的一些植物在出苗后 40 天收集,而其他植物则在 50 天和 60 天收集。评价地上部分的高度和干质量以及根部的干质量。将第四个(基部)和第七个(筒状)叶节点的叶子中间区域进行横向切片,将切片染色,固定在半永久性培养基中并在显微镜下分析以测量与组织组织和硬化相关的变量。菌根植物具有更高的高度和地上部分干物质。菌根化影响了 15 个解剖变量中的 9 个,在至少一个生长阶段增加了木质化组织。可以得出结论,AMF 对玉米根的定植促进了叶组织的硬化,因此可能通过改变昆虫可用的植物群质量来间接干扰植物与害虫的关系。安装在半永久性培养基中并在显微镜下分析以测量与组织组织和硬化相关的变量。菌根植物具有更高的高度和地上部分干物质。菌根化影响了 15 个解剖变量中的 9 个,在至少一个生长阶段增加了木质化组织。可以得出结论,AMF 对玉米根的定植促进了叶组织的硬化,因此可能通过改变昆虫可用的植物群质量来间接干扰植物与害虫的关系。安装在半永久性培养基中并在显微镜下分析以测量与组织组织和硬化相关的变量。菌根植物具有更高的高度和地上部分干物质。菌根化影响了 15 个解剖变量中的 9 个,在至少一个生长阶段增加了木质化组织。可以得出结论,AMF 对玉米根的定植促进了叶组织的硬化,因此可能通过改变昆虫可用的植物群质量来间接干扰植物与害虫的关系。菌根化影响了 15 个解剖变量中的 9 个,在至少一个生长阶段增加了木质化组织。可以得出结论,AMF 对玉米根的定植促进了叶组织的硬化,因此可能通过改变昆虫可用的植物群质量来间接干扰植物与害虫的关系。菌根化影响了 15 个解剖变量中的 9 个,在至少一个生长阶段增加了木质化组织。可以得出结论,AMF 对玉米根的定植促进了叶组织的硬化,因此可能通过改变昆虫可用的植物群质量来间接干扰植物与害虫的关系。
更新日期:2020-07-13
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