Abstract

In Russia, highly active wastes (HAWs) from nuclear power engineering are incorporated in Na–Al–P glass (matrix) for final deposition in a geological repository at a depth of about 500 m. The reliability of such a repository is largely determined by the stability of the HAW matrix in underground water and by its ability to firmly retain radionuclides during the whole time of their being hazardous. Electron microscopy was used to examine the composition and structure of colloid particles formed in the interaction of water with a glass and products of its crystallization at 95°C. To isolate particles, solutions were passed after an experiment through filters with pore size decreasing from 450 to 25 nm. The colloids were represented by Na and Al or Sr, Ln, and U phosphates, with their particle size exceeding 200 nm. The migration of colloids from a repository can be restricted by a barrier based on densified bentonite because particles can be mechanically retained due to the low permeability of rocks.

中文翻译：

---

具有放射性核素模拟物的水热改性铝磷酸盐玻璃中的初级胶体

摘要

在俄罗斯，将来自核电工程的高活性废物（HAW）掺入Na-Al-P玻璃（基质）中，最后沉积在约500 m深度的地质处置库中。这种储存库的可靠性在很大程度上取决于HAW基质在地下水中的稳定性以及在放射性核素始终处于危险状态时牢固保留放射性核素的能力。电子显微镜用于检查在水与玻璃的相互作用中形成的胶体颗粒的组成和结构及其在95°C下的结晶产物。为了分离颗粒，实验后将溶液通过孔径从450到25 nm的过滤器。胶体以Na和Al或Sr，Ln和U磷酸盐为代表，其粒径超过200 nm。