Abstract
In Russia, highly active wastes (HAWs) from nuclear power engineering are incorporated in Na–Al–P glass (matrix) for final deposition in a geological repository at a depth of about 500 m. The reliability of such a repository is largely determined by the stability of the HAW matrix in underground water and by its ability to firmly retain radionuclides during the whole time of their being hazardous. Electron microscopy was used to examine the composition and structure of colloid particles formed in the interaction of water with a glass and products of its crystallization at 95°C. To isolate particles, solutions were passed after an experiment through filters with pore size decreasing from 450 to 25 nm. The colloids were represented by Na and Al or Sr, Ln, and U phosphates, with their particle size exceeding 200 nm. The migration of colloids from a repository can be restricted by a barrier based on densified bentonite because particles can be mechanically retained due to the low permeability of rocks.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The study was carried out under the project “Effect of a colloidal transfer of radionuclide on the safety of of a HAW repository,” program 14P of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Physical chemistry of adsorption phenomena and actinide nanoparticles” (coordinator Acad. A.Yu. Tsivadze). The analysis of colloidal particles in experiments with crystallized glass was made under the project of the Russian Science Foundation no. 17-77-10119 “Study of the stability of aluminophosphate glasses used to immobilize radioactive wastes,” headed by E.V. Aleksandrova. The solution compositions after experiments were determined at the Collective Use Center (IGEM-Analitika) under a research project from the State assignment to IGEM Russian Academy of Sciences.
The authors are grateful to S.V. Stefanovskii for glass samples, B.R. Tagirov for assistance in experiments and B.S. Nikonov, M.S. Nikol’skii, A.V. Mokhov, and Ya.V. Bychkova for performing an analysis of the composition of solid samples and solutions by electron microscopy and ICP-MS.
The authors wish to thank the referee for attentively reading the manuscript and making helpful remarks.
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Yudintsev, S.V., Mal’kovskii, V.I. & Aleksandrova, E.V. Primary Colloids at Hydrothermally Modifed Aluminophosphate Glass with Imitators of Radionuclides. Radiochemistry 62, 411–423 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1066362220030157
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1066362220030157