Heatwave events are expected to become more frequent and intense in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in the future. However, our knowledge of the impacts of these extreme temperature events on ecosystem functions is still limited. We investigated the responses of ecosystem gross primary productivity ( GPP ) to heatwaves for nine sites encompassing a wide variety of ecosystem types with long-term (i.e., >7 years) flux and meteorological observations at northern mid-latitudes. Our results showed that GPP was depressed during heatwaves for most ecosystems except the C 4 sites. The evaporative stress index ( ESI ) was the primary variable responsible for the changes in GPP during heatwaves across the nine ecosystems. Furthermore, forest ecosystems were more resistant and resilient to heatwaves than other ecosystems. Additionally, the asymmetric diurnal pattern of GPP in forest ecosystems was attributed to xylem refilling and hi...

中文翻译：

---

热浪对北部中纬度生态系统总初级生产力的影响

预计将来在北半球的中纬度地区热浪事件将变得更加频繁和激烈。但是，我们对这些极端温度事件对生态系统功能的影响的了解仍然有限。我们调查了9个站点的生态系统总初级生产力（GPP）对热浪的响应，这些站点涵盖了具有多种类型的生态系统，并且在北中纬度地区具有长期（即，> 7年）通量和气象观测结果。我们的结果表明，除了C 4站点外，对于大多数生态系统，GPP在热浪期间均受到抑制。蒸发应力指数（ESI）是导致九个生态系统热浪期间GPP变化的主要变量。此外，森林生态系统比其他生态系统对热浪的抵抗力和弹性更大。另外，