Yarrowia lipolytica is an oleaginous yeast that has been substantially engineered for production of oleochemicals and drop-in transportation fuels. The unique acetyl-CoA/malonyl-CoA supply mode along with the versatile carbon-utilization pathways makes this yeast a superior host to upgrade low-value carbons into high-value secondary metabolites and fatty acid-based chemicals. The expanded synthetic biology toolkits enabled us to explore a large portfolio of specialized metabolism beyond fatty acids and lipid-based chemicals. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in genetic, omics, and computational tool development that enables us to streamline the genetic or genomic modification for Y. lipolytica. We will also summarize various metabolic engineering strategies to harness the endogenous acetyl-CoA/malonyl-CoA/HMG-CoA pathway for production of complex oleochemicals, polyols, terpenes, polyketides, and commodity chemicals. We envision that Y. lipolytica will be an excellent microbial chassis to expand nature’s biosynthetic capacity to produce plant secondary metabolites, industrially relevant oleochemicals, agrochemicals, commodity, and specialty chemicals and empower us to build a sustainable biorefinery platform that contributes to the prosperity of a bio-based economy in the future.

解脂耶氏酵母（Yarrowia lipolytica）是一种油质酵母，已经过大量工程改造，用于生产油性化学品和直接运输的燃料。独特的乙酰辅酶A /丙二酰辅酶A供给模式以及多种碳利用途径使该酵母成为将低值碳升级为高值二级代谢产物和脂肪酸基化学物质的绝佳宿主。扩展的合成生物学工具包使我们能够探索除脂肪酸和基于脂质的化学物质以外的大量专门代谢产品。在这篇综述中，我们将总结遗传学，组学和计算工具开发的最新进展，这些进展使我们能够简化解脂耶氏酵母的遗传或基因组修饰。我们还将总结各种代谢工程策略，以利用内源性乙酰基-CoA /丙二酰-CoA / HMG-CoA途径生产复杂的油脂化学产品，多元醇，萜烯，聚酮化合物和商品化学品。我们设想，解脂耶氏酵母将是扩大自然界的生物合成能力以生产植物次生代谢产物，工业相关油脂化工，农用化学品，商品和特种化学品的出色微生物底盘，并使我们能够构建可持续的生物精炼平台，从而为人类的繁荣做出贡献。未来的生物经济。