Much has been written on the physiological benefits of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG). Among its various components, ginsenosides have been widely investigated for their various pharmacological effects. However, polysaccharides are a major KRG component that has not received scrutiny similar to that of ginsenosides. The present study aims to fill that gap in the existing literature and to investigate the possible functions of polysaccharide in KRG. The researchers evaluated proteomic changes in non-saponin fractions with rich polysaccharides (NFP) in KRG. Based on the serum analysis, proteomics analysis of the liver and the spleen was additionally conducted to identify related functions. We validated the suggested functions of NFP with the galactosamine-induced liver injury model and the cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression model. Then, we evaluated the antimetastatic potential of NFP in the lungs. Further proteomics analysis of the spleen and liver after ingestion confirmed functions related to immunity, cancer, hepatoprotection, and others. Then, we validated the suggested corresponding functions of the NFP in vivo model. NFP showed immune-enhancing effects, inhibited melanoma cell metastasis in the lung, and decreased liver damage. The results show that using the proteomic approach uncovers the potential effects of polysaccharides in KRG, which include enhancing the immune system and protecting the liver.

中文翻译：

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使用全球蛋白质组学方法研究高丽红参多糖对老年大鼠的生物学效应

关于高丽红参 (KRG) 的生理益处的文章很多。在其各种成分中，人参皂苷因其各种药理作用而被广泛研究。然而，多糖是一种主要的 KRG 成分，没有像人参皂苷那样受到严格审查。本研究旨在填补现有文献中的这一空白，并研究多糖在 KRG 中的可能功能。研究人员评估了 KRG 中富含多糖 (NFP) 的非皂苷组分的蛋白质组学变化。在血清分析的基础上，另外进行肝脏和脾脏的蛋白质组学分析以鉴定相关功能。我们用半乳糖胺诱导的肝损伤模型和环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制模型验证了 NFP 的建议功能。然后，我们评估了 NFP 在肺中的抗转移潜力。摄入后脾脏和肝脏的进一步蛋白质组学分析证实了与免疫、癌症、保肝等相关的功能。然后，我们验证了 NFP 体内模型建议的相应功能。NFP 显示免疫增强作用，抑制黑色素瘤细胞在肺中的转移，并减少肝损伤。结果表明，使用蛋白质组学方法揭示了多糖在 KRG 中的潜在作用，包括增强免疫系统和保护肝脏。我们验证了 NFP 体内模型建议的相应功能。NFP 显示免疫增强作用，抑制黑色素瘤细胞在肺中的转移，并减少肝损伤。结果表明，使用蛋白质组学方法揭示了多糖在 KRG 中的潜在作用，包括增强免疫系统和保护肝脏。我们验证了 NFP 体内模型建议的相应功能。NFP 显示免疫增强作用，抑制黑色素瘤细胞在肺中的转移，并减少肝损伤。结果表明，使用蛋白质组学方法揭示了多糖在 KRG 中的潜在作用，包括增强免疫系统和保护肝脏。