Black ginseng (BG), which is produced by repeated steaming and drying of fresh ginseng, has various pharmacological and therapeutic properties. This study investigated the anti-hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of BG ethanolic extract in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. The levels of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin levels and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values were decreased in the groups fed BG extract (BG) (100 and 900 mg/kg BW/day), compared to the control group (CON). In the BG compared with the CON, hepatic steatosis in the liver and the size of adipocytes in muscle tissue were improved. The administration of BG regulated the glucose transporter type (GLUT) 4 and 2, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and γ in muscle and liver. Moreover, ginsenosides (Rh4, Rg5, and Rk1), which profiled by HPLC, regulated the markers for lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism; PPARs and GLUTs in muscle and C2C12 rather than liver cells and tissue. These findings suggested that ginsenosides (Rh4, Rg5, and Rk1) from BG extract can ameliorate type 2 diabetes through their anti-hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects.

通过反复蒸煮和干燥新鲜人参制成的黑参（BG）具有多种药理和治疗特性。这项研究调查了BG乙醇提取物对2型糖尿病db / db小鼠的抗降血糖和降血脂作用。与对照组（CON）相比，BG提取物（BG）组（100和900 mg / kg BW /天）的空腹血糖，HbA1c，胰岛素水平和硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质值降低。与CON相比，BG改善了肝脏的肝脂肪变性和肌肉组织中的脂肪细胞大小。BG的使用可调节肌肉和肝脏中的葡萄糖转运蛋白类型（GLUT）4和2，以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）α和γ。此外，人参皂苷（Rh4，Rg5和Rk1）通过HPLC进行了分析，调节脂质代谢和葡萄糖代谢的标志物；肌肉和C2C12中而不是肝细胞和组织中的PPAR和GLUT。这些发现表明，BG提取物中的人参皂甙（Rh4，Rg5和Rk1）可以通过其抗高血糖和降血脂作用改善2型糖尿病。