This study investigates the depositional setting and diagenetic processes of gypsiferous sediments known as the Koluz gypsum member located in the northeast of Van (Eastern Anatolia-Turkey). The commencement of still-active contractional regime due to the collision of Eurasian and Arabian plates gave way to uplift events on the active Eurasian margin. This uplift initially resulted in termination of marine sedimentation and commencement of continental deposition in the region. The Middle-Late Miocene Kurtdeliği formation is one of the oldest products of the continental setting in the Eastern Anatolia. Sedimentologic and petrographic analyses conducted on the Koluz gypsum member of the formation, the main concern of this study, indicate that the member is represented by secondary gypsum (massive, laminated, nodular, satin spar) and primary gypsum lithofacies (selenite, gypsum arenite, discoidal and radial). The secondary gypsum facies are formed after hydration of anhydrite and anhydritizated primary gypsums. Additionally, mineralogical and geochemical studies suggest that carbonate (dolomite and calcite) and detrital materials found within the member formed during the deposition or late diagenetic processes. The high major and trace element values determined by XRF analyses also indicate intense detrital influx and accordingly terrestrial origin for the basin. Sedimentary textures and lithofacies of the member show a typical ephemeral playa complex, which was likely fed by both evaporation and groundwater discharge. Tectonism, climate, salinity variation, biologic activity and diagenetic and hydrothermal fluids play major roles in the formation and transformation of these sediments to each other.

中文翻译：

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中-晚中新世 Koluz 石膏段（NE Van，土耳其东部）的古沉积环境、成岩和沉积条件

本研究调查了位于 Van 东北部（东安纳托利亚-土耳其）的称为 Koluz 石膏段的含石膏沉积物的沉积环境和成岩过程。由于欧亚板块和阿拉伯板块的碰撞，仍然活跃的收缩机制的开始让位于活跃的欧亚边缘的隆起事件。这种隆起最初导致该地区海洋沉积的终止和大陆沉积的开始。中-晚中新世 Kurtdeliği 地层是东安纳托利亚大陆环境中最古老的产物之一。对地层的 Koluz 石膏段（本研究的主要关注点）进行的沉积学和岩石学分析表明，该段以次生石膏（块状、层状、结节状、缎晶石）和原生石膏岩相（亚硒酸盐、石膏砂岩、盘状和放射状）。次生石膏相是在硬石膏和硬石膏化原生石膏水化后形成的。此外，矿物学和地球化学研究表明，在沉积或晚期成岩过程中形成的成员内发现的碳酸盐（白云石和方解石）和碎屑材料。XRF 分析确定的高主要和微量元素值也表明该盆地有强烈的碎屑流入，因此来自陆地。该成员的沉积结构和岩相显示出典型的短暂的滩涂复合体，它可能由蒸发和地下水排放补给。构造作用、气候、盐度​​变化，