A new type of sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) with floating macrophyte Limnobium laevigatum, Pistia stratiotes, or Lemna minor L. biocathode was constructed and assessed in three phases at different hydraulic retention time (HRT) for electrical current generation during the degradation of urban river sediment. The results showed a highest voltage output of 0.88 ± 0.1 V, maximum power density of 80.22 mW m⁻³, highest columbic efficiency of 15.3%, normalized energy recovery of 0.030 kWh m⁻³, and normalized energy production of 0.005 kWh m⁻³ in the Lemna minor L. SMFC during phase 3 at HRT of 48 h, respectively. Highest removal efficiencies of total chemical oxygen demand of 80%, nitrite of 99%, ammonia of 93%, and phosphorus of 94% were achieved in Lemna minor L. system, and 99% of nitrate removal and 99% of sulfate removal were achieved in Pistia stratiotes and Limnobium laevigatum system during the SMFC operation, respectively. Pistia stratiotes exhibited the highest growth in terms of biomass and tap root system of 29.35 g and 12.2 cm to produce the maximum dissolved oxygen of 16.85 ± 0.2 mg L⁻¹ compared with other macrophytes. The predominant bacterial phylum Proteobacteria of 62.86% and genus Exiguobacterium of 17.48% were identified in Limnobium laevigatum system, while the class Gammaproteobacteria of 28.77% was observed in the control SMFC. The integration of technologies with the continuous flow operation shows promising prospect in the remediation of polluted urban river sediments along with the generation of electrical current.

构建了一种新型沉积物微生物燃料电池 (SMFC)，该电池具有漂浮的大型植物Limnobium laevigatum、Pistia striotes或Lemna minor L. biocathode，并分三个阶段在不同的水力停留时间 (HRT) 下进行评估，以在城市退化过程中产生电流。河流沉积物。结果显示最高电压输出为 0.88 ± 0.1 V，最大功率密度为 80.22 mW m ^-3，最高库伦效率为 15.3%，归一化能量回收为 0.030 kWh m ^-3，归一化能量产生为 0.005 kWh m ^-3在Lemna 小调L. SMFC 在第 3 阶段的 HRT 分别为 48 小时。Lemna minor L.系统实现了80%的总化学需氧量、99%的亚硝酸盐、93%的氨和94%的磷的最高去除效率，并实现了99%的硝酸盐去除和99%的硫酸盐去除在SMFC 操作期间分别在Pistia 层状和Limnobium laevigatum系统中。与其他大型植物相比，Pistia 层状植物在生物量和主根系统方面表现出最高的增长，为 29.35 g 和 12.2 cm，产生的最大溶解氧为 16.85 ± 0.2 mg L ^-1。62.86%的优势菌门变形菌门和微小杆菌属的17.48％的鉴定Limnobium laevigatum系统，而类γ-变形菌的28.77％，在控制SMFC进行了观察。技术与连续流操作的结合在污染城市河流沉积物和电流的修复中显示出广阔的前景。