Environments such as floodplains and the marshlands of rivers, lakes and ponds, are important habitats for aquatic insects adapted to lentic water conditions. In addition, ponds and paddy fields artificially created for agriculture are also important alternative habitats for lotic water-dependent wildlife. In this study, we focused on aquatic insects in ponds in the Matsumoto Basin, located in the center of Japan. Although this is an urbanized area, aquatic animals adapted to floodplains inhabit it at a relatively high density for Japan. We conducted a multifaceted evaluation of the environments of the 33 ponds in this region and conducted a survey of the aquatic insect fauna inhabiting them. In this study, we conducted quantitative sampling, focusing on two insect orders adapted to large-scale lentic water environments (i.e., Heteroptera and Coleoptera), and observed five species of three families and 16 species of five families from the Matsumoto Basin, respectively. Within these species, eight endangered species were included. Furthermore, we carried out a genetic structure analysis for the giant water bug, Appasus japonicus, inhabiting these ponds in high density, and conducted a comparative evaluation of their genetic diversity between these ponds. A total of 530 specimens of A. japonicus were genetically analyzed for the mitochondrial DNA COI region, and 26 haplotypes were observed. The degree of genetic diversity between the ponds was clearly demonstrated. In addition, we discussed the wintering possibilities for the giant water bugs based on their corresponding surrounding environmental factors, and comprehensively discussed their “source−sink” relationships in this region. Therefore, this is a comprehensive study focused on the relevant environmental factors, diversification of their community structures, their population structures, and their genetic structure at a fine scale.

中文翻译：

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适应于极地水环境的水生昆虫的群落结构，以及对濒临灭绝的巨型水虫日本as的本地种群结构和遗传结构的精细分析。

洪泛区以及河流，湖泊和池塘的沼泽地等环境是适应于透镜水条件的水生昆虫的重要栖息地。此外，人工为农业生产的池塘和稻田也是依赖水的野生动植物的重要替代生境。在这项研究中，我们重点研究了位于日本中部的松本盆地池塘中的水生昆虫。尽管这是一个城市化地区，但对于日本来说，适应洪泛区的水生动物以相对较高的密度栖息在该地区。我们对该地区33个池塘的环境进行了多方面的评估，并对其中居住的水生昆虫动物群进行了调查。在这项研究中，我们进行了定量采样，重点研究了两种适合大型扁豆水环境（即 异翅目和鞘翅目），并分别从松本盆地观测到三个科的五种和五个科的十六种。在这些物种中，包括了八个濒危物种。此外，我们对巨型水虫进行了遗传结构分析，日本as（Appasus japonicus）高密度地生活在这些池塘中，并对这些池塘之间的遗传多样性进行了比较评估。总共对530个日本刺参标本进行了线粒体DNA COI区域的遗传分析，并观察到26个单倍型。池塘之间的遗传多样性程度得到了明确证明。此外，我们根据相应的周围环境因素讨论了巨型水虫越冬的可能性，并全面讨论了该地区“水源-水源”关系。因此，这是一项全面研究，重点关注相关的环境因素，其群落结构，种群结构和遗传结构的多样性。